W弦场论实现的新进展和黑洞背景下的强引力效应

发布时间：2018-01-10 14:32

本文关键词：W弦场论实现的新进展和黑洞背景下的强引力效应　出处：《兰州大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： W弦 BRST荷 黑洞 粒子加速器 强引力透镜

【摘要】：本文主要研究了w弦的自由场实现及Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST)荷的构造,以及黑洞背景下的强引力效应这两个方面的问题。论文的第一部分主要是对W2,s弦的标量场和旋量场实现进行了研究：首先,研究了Virasoro代数和W2,s弦的标量场和旋量场实现。结果表明BRST方法不仅适用于W弦的标量场实现,而且对于旋量场的实现也非常有效。其次,利用旋量场的性质,借助于BRST荷的阶化假设QB=Qo+Q1和幂零性质QB2=0,我们首次对半整数的W2,s弦进行了实现并得到了许多有意义的结果,与其相应的BRST荷也一一进行了构造。第三,基于线性的W1,2,s代数,我们得到了W2,s弦的双标量场和双旋量场实现。另外,在对W2,s弦的自旋为s的流重新标度后,我们还研究了W2,sM(?)W2,sL弦系统中Liouville子系统在中心荷奇异点的实现问题。该子系统的物理态也给出了初步的探讨。这是W弦理论在国际上的新的发展。论文的第二部分主要针对当前国际引力学界关注的强引力效应,黑洞粒子加速器和强引力透镜效应进行了深入的研究。主要完成的工作包括：第一,研究了弯曲时空中两个粒子从无穷远处由引力场的作用运动到黑洞视界面上进行碰撞的碰撞质心能问题。研究指出,对于Kerr-Newman (KN)黑洞,为了得到一个无穷大的碰撞质心能,碰撞粒子需要具有临界角动量,而且极端黑洞的自旋参数也需要满足一定的约束。但是考虑到粒子的反冲效应后,碰撞的最大质心能将被极大的降低到普朗克能标以下,从而会破坏KN黑洞作为一个极高能标粒子加速器。而对于弦理论黑洞来说,考虑了反冲效应之后,一个近极端黑洞仍可以作为一极高能标粒子加速器。这一结果提供了一种探测Planck能标物理的机制,为用天文观测数据来研究极高能标物理提供了一条有效的途径。第二,利用光子在弯曲时空中的运动方程,分别对静态、球对称时空和稳态、轴对称时空下的强引力透镜效应进行了深入的研究。在静态、球对称黑洞背景下的强引力透镜效应和黑洞的高能吸收散射截面之间建立了直接的关系,通过该关系,我们可以将对黑洞高能吸收散射截面的理论研究转化为对黑洞的强引力效应的天文观测。另外我们还对带宇宙弦的Kerr黑洞的强引力透镜效应给出了深入的研究。计算得到了光子在经过黑洞时的偏转角和相应的天文可观测量。借助于光子的逆向行进轨道,考察了透镜效应的临界曲线和焦散结构。为天文上对强引力透镜的有效观测提供了一定的理论依据。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we mainly study the realization of the free field of w string and the construction of Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin / BRST load. And the strong gravitational effect in the background of black hole. The first part of the thesis mainly studies the realization of scalar field and spinor field of W2s string. Firstly, the Virasoro algebra and W2 are studied. The results show that the BRST method is not only suitable for the realization of the scalar field of the W string, but also very effective for the realization of the spinor field. Secondly, the properties of the spinor field are used. With the help of the QB=Qo Q _ 1 and nilpotent property QB _ 2N _ 0 of BRST charge, we have realized the W _ 2s string of semi-integers for the first time and obtained many meaningful results. The corresponding BRST load is constructed one by one. Thirdly, based on the linear W _ 1N _ 2s algebra, we obtain the realization of the double scalar field and the double spin field of the W _ 2s string. In addition, in the case of W _ 2, we obtain the realization of the double scalar field and the double spin field of the W _ 2s string. After the spin of s string has been rescaled to s, we have also studied the W _ 2s M ~ ((1))? The realization of Liouville subsystem at the singularity point of central charge in W2SL chord system is discussed. The physical state of the subsystem is also discussed. This is a new development of W string theory in the world. The second part of the thesis mainly focuses on the strong gravitational effect, the black hole particle accelerator and the strong gravitational lensing effect, which are paid close attention to in the current international gravitational field. First, the collisional centroid energy of two particles moving from the action of gravitational field to the visible interface of black hole from infinity is studied. For the Kerr-Newman KN) black hole, in order to obtain an infinite collisional centroid energy, the collision particles need to have critical angular momentum. The spin parameters of extreme black holes also need to satisfy certain constraints, but considering the recoil effect of particles, the maximum centroid energy of collision will be greatly reduced below the Planck energy scale. This will destroy the KN black hole as an extremely high energy particle accelerator. For string theory black holes, the recoil effect is considered. A near-extreme black hole can still be used as an extremely high energy particle accelerator. This result provides a mechanism for detecting the physics of Planck. It provides an effective way to study the physics of very high energy scale with astronomical observation data. Secondly, using the equations of motion of photons in curved spacetime, the strong gravitational lensing effects in static, spherical symmetric spacetime and steady state, axisymmetric spacetime are studied. A direct relationship between the strong gravitational lensing effect and the high energy absorption and scattering cross sections of a spherically symmetric black hole is established. We can convert the theoretical study of high energy absorption scattering cross section of black hole into astronomical observation of strong gravitational effect on black hole. In addition, we also give an in-depth study of the strong gravitational lensing effect of Kerr black hole with cosmic strings. The deflection angle of photons passing through a black hole and the corresponding astronomical observable measurements are calculated. The critical curve and the caustic structure of the lens effect are investigated, which provides a theoretical basis for the effective observation of the strong gravitational lens in astronomy.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：P145.8

【共引文献】