试论梅文鼎的围日圆象说

发布时间：2018-01-14 14:09

本文关键词：试论梅文鼎的围日圆象说　出处：《自然科学史研究》2010年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为解决以前行星理论中宇宙论与计算之间存在的矛盾,梅文鼎提出"围日圆象"说,以为五星运行于以本天为心的岁轮之上,其轨迹成围日之圆象。这一理论为后世历算界所接纳,收入钦定《历象考成》之中。但是,梅文鼎的讨论主要集中在计算层面上,并未深入到五星模型物理层面上的"实指"。乾嘉中后期考据学者多以历算研究为经学研究的工具。一些学者对小轮体系的实在性提出怀疑,认为"天体运动所以然之故终非可以臆度"。但"围日圆象"说在历算学中的地位并未被撼动。至晚清,牛顿引力理论传入中国后,仍有一些学者以"围日圆象"说为正理。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the contradiction between cosmology and calculation in the previous planetary theory, Mei Wen-ding proposed the theory of "encircling the Japanese yen elephant," thinking that the five stars run on the annulus centered on this day. This theory was accepted by the later generations, and the income was determined by the Emperor. However, the discussion of Mei Wen-ding mainly focused on the computational level. In the middle and later period of Qianjia, many textual scholars used Calculus study as the tool of the study of Confucian classics. Some scholars questioned the reality of the ferry system. It is believed that "the reason of celestial body movement can not be assumed at all". But the position of the "round Japanese yen elephant" in Calendar has not been shaken. In the late Qing Dynasty, Newton's gravitation theory was introduced into China. There are still some scholars who claim that the "round-yen elephant" is justified.
【作者单位】：中国科学院自然科学史研究所;
【基金】：中国科学院自然科学史研究所-德国马普学会马普科学史研究所伙伴小组研究项目
【分类号】：P1-09
【正文快照】： 《五纬历指》是介绍五星运动模型及算法的译著,在宇宙论与算法方面存在着矛盾。对此,梅文鼎(1633—1721年)提出“围日圆象”说,认为,五星模型有“借象”和“实指”之别,本天以地为心是五星运动的真实图景,即所谓的“实指之图”,而“五星绕日”是不真实的“借象之图”。江晓原

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