紫金山天文台太阳黑子手描观测记录的精度分析

发布时间：2018-03-18 08:34

本文选题：太阳　切入点：太阳黑子　出处：《天文学报》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：太阳黑子是太阳上最显著的观测特征,也是最早开始系统记录的太阳活动现象.自从望远镜发明以来,人类已经拥有约400 yr系统的手描黑子观测记录.关于太阳活动的长期演化及其主要的11 yr周期变化在较大程度上依赖于这样单一的观测记录.近些年来,这些手描黑子图正在进行数字化,以利于长期保存和进行计算机处理.在未来,手描黑子记录的观测方式将不可避免地由CCD直接的数字化图像取代,因此分析过渡时期并存的两种方式所得到的资料的共同特性,以及它们之间的差异对于传统的手描黑子资料及其与未来纯数字化黑子资料的衔接很有必要.首先对数字化后的189张2011年紫金山天文台手描黑子观测记录进行了仔细的误差分析,得到所使用的扫描仪在水平和垂直方向比例尺相差0.2%,记录纸上太阳环本身的印刷误差导致东西方向比南北方向长度短1%.在扫描过程中的纸张的放置方向误差可达0.5?.在对这些误差进行修正以后,将手描黑子记录与同时刻的空间SDO/HMI(Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager)全日面连续谱图像进行对比,通过重叠的办法找出对应的黑子,并测量出手描的黑子观测精度约为7 arcsec,另外大约有3%的手描黑子无法找到对应的黑子记录.
[Abstract]:Sunspots are the most prominent observational feature of the sun and the earliest solar activity to be recorded systematically. Since the invention of the telescope, Humans already have some 400 yr systems of hand-drawn sunspot observations. The long-term evolution of solar activity and its major 11yr cycle variations depend largely on such a single record. In recent years, These hand-drawn sunspots are being digitized for long-term preservation and computer processing. In the future, the observation of hand-drawn sunspot records will inevitably be replaced by direct digital CCD images. Therefore, the analysis of the common characteristics of the information obtained from the coexistence of the two modes of transition, The differences between them are necessary for the traditional hand-drawn sunspot data and their connection with the future pure digital sunspot data. First, 189 hand-drawn sunspot observations of the Zijinshan Observatory on 2011 were carried out. Careful error analysis, The difference between the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the scanner used is 0.2. The printing error of the solar ring on the paper causes the east-west direction to be 1 / 2 shorter than the north-south length. In the scanning process, the error of the paper's placement direction can be up to 0.5? After correcting these errors, the hand-drawn sunspot record is compared with the spatial SDO/HMI(Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic imager at the same time, and the corresponding sunspots are found by overlapping method. The accuracy of the measurement is about 7 arcsec.At the same time, about 3% of the hand-drawn sunspots can not find the corresponding sunspot records.
【作者单位】：昆明理工大学云南省计算机技术应用重点实验室;中国科学院紫金山天文台;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(11263004,11573012) 科技部科技基础性工作专项B类(2014FY120300)资助
【分类号】：P182.41

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