嫦娥1号卫星激光高度计（LAM）数据的全月球虚拟现实构建

发布时间：2018-03-29 14:02

本文选题：月球　切入点：嫦娥1号　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：经国家天文台授权，中国地质大学（北京）使用嫦娥1号卫星遥感数据。本论文以中国地质大学（北京）和国家天文台合作“绕月探测工程科学数据应用与研究”（863计划）重点项目为依托，进行遥感信息提取，构建全月球虚拟现实，开展科学研究。本文在获得的400轨嫦娥1号激光高度计测高数据（2B数据）和CCD立体相机影像基础上开展遥感信息提取与处理工作。该批数据是根据卫星轨道数据进行高程解算，经过高程、几何校准后的科学数据。首先把这批数据进行高程换算，再导入ERDAS，利用ERDAS软件及数据内插法生成高分辨率全月球DEM模型。在高分辨率全月球DEM模型基础上，进一步进行信息提取与处理工作，构建全月球虚拟现实。首先对月球表面进行三维模型构建，导入立体相机影像，再利用Super3Deditor平台渲染成月面真三维虚拟现实场景。全月球虚拟现实的构建为月球科学的研究提供了崭新的技术手段，在全月球虚拟现实中可以进行更深层次的信息提取与处理工作，如任意漫游、测量、标注、截图等工作。全月球虚拟现实成为月球信息提取与处理的高等级技术手段。本论文的主要成果与创新可以概括如下： 1、基于嫦娥1号卫星激光高度计数据，建立高分辨率DEM模型对于激光高度计数据信息进行提取与处理，把得到的400轨激光高度计数据进行高程换算，处理奇异数据，得到文本高程文件。导入ERDAS进行数据处理、内插运算，得到了全月球DEM（数字高程模型）影像。空间分辨率：纬度方向（沿经线）607m，经度方向（沿纬线）303m。输出全月球DEM模型。 2、构建全月球真三维虚拟现实以全月球DEM模型为基础，构建全月球虚拟现实。月球三维模型构建是个人工（或者自动）几何建模的过程，几何建模构建的是形状和纹理，月球DEM规定了月球模型的形状，月球影像决定了月球模型的纹理。几何模型的形状(多边形、三角形、顶点和样条)构成有限制，纹理大小也有限制，月球三维模型的构建过程就是不断的DEM重采样和影像的切割与提取的过程。每个级别的三维模型的切割块数决定了文件数目。当浏览月球三维模型的时候，模型加载是逐级变化的。利用嫦娥1号所搭载的三线阵CCD相机所拍摄的经过经辐射、几何、光度校正后的1082轨数据产品（CCD 2C数据），拼接的全月影像图进行贴图，设置参数渲染生成月面真三维虚拟现实。全月球虚拟现实成为月面信息提取的全新技术手段。 3、利用全月球虚拟现实进行月面信息提取以Super3Deditor为搭载平台的全月球虚拟现实操作系统支持任意漫游、高度测量、地面距离测量、直线距离测量、面积测量、斜率测量、截图、作标记等工作。本文对于月面重要目标在虚拟场景中作了标注，截取了部分虚拟场景图像。任意选择月面50座撞击坑进行直径测量，验证d = k_dD~n，d多项式关系，d为撞击坑深度，D为撞击坑直径，求得n = 1.9。选择了柏拉图月溪、阿尔卑斯峡谷做了长度测量。 4、利用全月球虚拟现实显示奇异数据并分析——寻找新的研究领域对于激光高度计2B数据中存在的偶然误差产生原因进行了理论分析，分析得出月面坡度越大，，奇异数据产生越多；月面坡度频繁变化，会产生大量奇异数据。全月球虚拟现实成为显示奇异数据的很好技术，在全月球虚拟现实中奇异高程数据被很好地显示出来，并可以进行深层次分析。奇异数据按纬度主要分布在低纬（30°N→-30°S）和高纬（70°N→90°N、-70°S→-90°S）。按经度分析在0°→30°W之间出现一个峰值（20°W左右）。而在20°W左右的赤道以南地区的中纬度出现的错误数据峰值，与第谷撞击坑的辐射纹重合，在虚拟现实中进行研究发现，该辐射纹深度大且结构复杂。奇异数据的产生在一定程度上反映了月面地形的复杂程度，而表面地形在很大程度上受制于地下的构造情况影响，对于奇异数据的分析有利于月球地质构造的解译。这是种新的研究领域。 5、发现了Google Moon的严重错误登陆Google Moon网站（http://earth.google.com/moon/）发现月球上标记的南北回归线为23°26′（同地球南北回归线），与事实不符，发生严重错误。月球上北回归线为1°32′N，南回归线为1°32′S，这也就是月球上一年中太阳光直射变化的纬度范围。
[Abstract]:Authorized by the National Astronomical Observatory, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) using the Chang'e 1 satellite remote sensing data. In this thesis, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and the national astronomical observatories around the research and application of science and engineering data of lunar exploration "(863 Program) key projects based on Remote Sensing Information extraction, construction of a full moon virtual reality, carry out scientific research.
The 400 rail Chang obtained No. 1 laser altimeter altimetry data (2B data) and CCD stereo camera images based on remote sensing information extraction and processing. The data is based on satellite orbit data of the Gao Cheng solution, after Gao Cheng, the scientific data geometry after calibration. The first batch of data conversion of Gao Cheng. And then import ERDAS, produced by high resolution full moon DEM model of ERDAS software and data interpolation.
Based on high resolution full moon DEM model, further extraction and processing of information, the construction of virtual reality. The first full moon of the lunar surface for 3D model construction, into a stereoscopic camera image, and then use the Super3Deditor platform into real 3D virtual reality scene lunar full moon. The construction of virtual reality provides a new technical means for the study of lunar science, at the full moon in the virtual reality of information extraction and processing work deeper, such as free roaming, measurement, annotation, screenshots and other work. The full moon of virtual reality technology become the high level information extraction and processing of the moon. The main results and innovation of this thesis can be summarized as follows:
1, based on Chang'e 1 satellite laser altimeter data, a high resolution DEM model is established.
Extraction and processing for laser altimeter data, the 400 track laser altimeter data obtained by elevation conversion, singular data, text files into ERDAS. The elevation data processing, interpolation, the full moon DEM (digital elevation model). The image spatial resolution: latitude direction (along the longitude) 607m. The longitude direction (along the latitude) 303m. output full moon DEM model.
2, building the true three-dimensional virtual reality of the whole moon
The full moon on the basis of DEM model, build a full moon. The moon to build 3D model of virtual reality is a manual (or automatic) geometric modeling, geometric modeling is the construction of the shape and texture of the moon, the moon DEM the shape of the model, the moon image determines the moon model texture. The geometric model of shape (polygon, triangle, vertex and spline) which is limited, there are restrictions on grain size, cutting process of construction process of 3D model the moon is to keep the DEM resampling and image extraction and 3D model. Each level of cutting blocks determines the number of files. When browsing 3D models of the moon, the model is loaded step by step change. The Chang'e 1 is equipped with three line array CCD camera after the radiation, the geometric, photometric correction after track 1082 data products (CCD 2C data), the image mosaic paste Figure, setting up parameter rendering to generate real 3D virtual reality of the moon surface. The whole moon virtual reality becomes the new technical means of extracting the information of the moon.
3, using the full moon virtual reality to extract the information from the moon
Super3Deditor is a full moon in virtual reality operating system platform supports arbitrary roaming, ground height measurement, distance measurement, distance measurement, area measurement, slope measurement, screenshots, marking etc. This paper for lunar important target in the virtual scene are labeled and interception of part of the virtual scene image. Choose the moon 50 a crater diameter measurement, verification of D = k_dD~n, D polynomial relationship, D crater depth, D crater diameter, obtained n = 1.9. chose Platon Creek, the alpine valleys made length measurements.
4, using the full moon virtual reality to display singular data and analysis - to find new fields of research
For the reason of accidental error exists in the 2B laser altimeter data is analyzed in theory, analysis of the lunar slope is greater, the singular data generated more frequent changes; the surface slope, will produce a large number of singular data. Virtual reality becomes a full moon show good technology singular data, in the full moon in the virtual reality singular elevation data is good show, and can carry out deep analysis. The singular data according to latitude mainly in low latitude (30 ~ N, -30 ~ S) and high (70 ~ N, 90 ~ N, -70 ~ S, -90 ~ S). According to the analysis of longitude appeared a peak between 0 degrees to 30 degrees W (20 degrees W). The error data and the peak value at about 20 DEG W in the equatorial latitudes in the southern area, and the radiation pattern of coincidence crater Tycho, were found in the virtual reality, the radiation pattern depth is large and complex structure. The production of singular data in some degree Degree reflects the complexity of the lunar topography, and the surface topography is largely influenced by the underground structure. The analysis of the singular data is conducive to the interpretation of the lunar geological structure. This is a new research field.
5, a serious mistake in Google Moon was found
On the Google Moon website (http://earth.google.com/moon/) found on the moon marked tropic is 23 degrees 26 '(with earth tropic), inconsistent with the facts, serious mistakes. The Tropic of cancer is 1 degrees 32' N, Capricorn is 1 degrees 32 'S, this is the sun direct change on the moon of the year latitude.

【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：P184.5;P237

【引证文献】