LAMOST望远镜的观测控制流程技术

发布时间：2018-05-29 01:03

本文选题：LAMOST + OCS　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】： LAMOST全称大天区面积多目标光纤光谱望远镜,是我国在河北省兴隆国家天文观测基地建成的大型天文望远镜。LAMOST是国家九五大科学工程之一于2009年6月4日顺利通过国家竣工验收,是同批立项的国家大科学工程中研制周期最长、创新最多、风险最高的项目。LAMOST打破了大视场望远镜不能兼有大口径的瓶颈。鉴于其集光面积和光纤数目,LAMOST潜在功能比世界上最好的SDSS数字巡天和2dF高出10到15倍,是世界上光谱获取率最高的望远镜。LAMOST的建成使我国跻身于国际天文技术前沿,成为国际上少数具备自主研制巨型望远镜能力的国家之一。观测控制系统OCS (Observing Control System),为这台世界上光谱观测能力最强的望远镜实现了自动流程控制、流程在线干预、运行安全性保障的完整设计。相比国际上大型望远镜的观测控制系统,OCS的流程控制设计非常完善,具备更好的灵活性。望远镜彻夜进行的观测流程中包含大量的操作步骤。为了提高工作效率,充分利用夜晚有限的可观测时间,OCS设计了面向用户可编辑的流程控制。观测人员通过对界面命令元素的拖放就能组合出流程。流程的运行具备可视化的监控。为了能够应对现场千变万化的情况,OCS在流程自动运行的基础上,添加丰富的人工干预。OCS的流程服务引擎能够从流程的任意位置开始运行,在流程运行中,还能够在线修改流程,为观测人员提供了极大的方便。 OCS赋予了观测人员自由的流程编程功能,但是任意的控制并非都是正确的。圆顶尚未打开,就开启焦面门；S-H正在调整过程中,移回焦面。这些动作不但不正确,而且会危险地导致望远镜损坏。对此,OCS设计了一套规则检验作为约束,来尽可能地确保安全性。所有规则不是一成不变的,随着观测人员实际观测经验的增加,他们可以添加和修改规则。 OCS自动生成所有操作的日志记录。在LAMOST望远镜经过一段时间的试运行以后,日志记录中记录了大量的信息。基于日志记录的统计,能够科学地设计流程的时间监控。对日志记录应用工作流挖掘技术,能够从中获得流程的图形化表示,方便对以往流程的操作进行审查。本文在这些方面进行了探讨。本篇论文的工作有以下几个创新点： 1)在大型望远镜的观测控制系统领域,自动流程限于一些固定的配置方式。OCS实现了观测人员可自主设计流程的灵活控制方式。 2、OCS赋予了观测人员丰富的动态干预流程和在线修改的功能,使得流程控制能够应对不可预料的异常情况。 3)OCS提供了观测人员可制定和修改的规则检验设计,对自由编程的流程控制的形成一定的约束来确保安全性。目前,OCS系统已经在LAMOST试运行中配合使用。观测人员以小流程的方式使用流程控制功能,进行望远镜的观测控制。随着LAMOST观测任务的增加,OCS的流程控制将发挥更大的作用。
[Abstract]:LAMOST is a large astronomical telescope built in Xinglong National Astronomical observation Base in Hebei Province. LAMOST is one of the major scientific projects in the Ninth Five-Year Plan. It passed the national completion acceptance on June 4, 2009. It is the longest period of development, the most innovation and the highest risk in the same batch of national large science projects. LAMOST breaks the bottleneck that large field of view telescope can not have large caliber. In view of the fact that the potential function of LAMOST is 10 to 15 times higher than the best SDSS digital survey and 2dF in the world, it is the telescope with the highest spectral acquisition rate in the world. The completion of LAMOST puts China at the forefront of international astronomical technology. To become one of the few countries in the world with the ability to develop their own giant telescopes. The observational control system (OCS) has been designed for the telescope with the best spectral observation ability in the world, which includes automatic flow control, online process intervention and safety guarantee. Compared with the international observation control system of large telescopes, the flow control design of OCS is very perfect and has better flexibility. The observation process carried out by the telescope throughout the night involves a large number of operational steps. In order to improve work efficiency, a user-editable flow control is designed by making full use of the limited observable time at night (OCS). Observers can assemble the process by dragging and dropping the interface command elements. The operation of the process has visual monitoring. In order to cope with the ever-changing situation on the spot, OCS can start running from any location of the process by adding abundant manual intervention. OCS can also modify the process online. It provides great convenience for the observer. OCS gives observers free flow programming, but arbitrary control is not always correct. Before the dome is opened, open the focal plane door S-H is in the process of adjustment, moving back to the focal plane. These actions are not only incorrect, but can lead to dangerous damage to the telescope. The OCS designs a set of rules checking as a constraint to ensure security as much as possible. All rules are not inflexible, they can be added and modified as observers' actual observation experience increases. OCS automatically generates log records for all operations. After a period of trial operation of the LAMOST telescope, a large amount of information was recorded in the log record. Based on the statistics of log records, can scientifically design the process of time monitoring. Workflow mining technology is applied to log records, which can obtain the graphical representation of the process, and it is convenient to review the operation of the previous process. This paper discusses these aspects. The work of this paper has the following innovative points: 1) in the field of observation and control system of large telescope, the automatic flow is limited to some fixed configuration mode. OCS has realized the flexible control mode that the observer can design the flow independently. 2OCS gives the observers rich functions of dynamic intervention and online modification, which enables process control to cope with unexpected anomalies. 3)OCS provides a rule checking design that observers can make and modify to form constraints on free programming process control to ensure safety. At present, OCS system has been used in LAMOST trial operation. Observers use the flow control function in a small flow to carry out telescope observation control. With the increase of LAMOST observation task, the flow control will play a more important role.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：P111

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