天体环境下快中子俘获过程相关的核物理

发布时间：2019-07-20 07:50

【摘要】：在人类历史上,曾经吸引无数哲学家、天文学家思考的一个问题是"我们从哪里来"。现代的科学研究揭示了一个答案:恒星。恒星产生了构成生命的主要元素,如碳、氧、氮、硫等,但是比铁更重的元素,如金、铂、铀等,却无法在恒星内部产生。由于原子核物理实验与天文观测技术的限制,这些重元素的起源仍有许多不确定性。文章主要探讨重元素起源的一个重要合成机制——快中子俘获过程,以及相关的原子核物理观测量,如原子核质量、半衰期、中子俘获截面和裂变等,并回顾最新的实验和理论进展。
[Abstract]:In human history, one of the questions that has attracted countless philosophers and astronomers is where we come from. Modern scientific research reveals an answer: stars. Stars produce the main elements of life, such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, etc., but elements heavier than iron, such as gold, platinum, uranium, etc., cannot be produced inside the star. Due to the limitation of atomic nuclear physics experiment and astronomical observation technology, there are still many uncertainties in the origin of these heavy elements. In this paper, an important synthesis mechanism of the origin of heavy elements, fast neutron capture process, and related nuclear physical observations, such as nuclear mass, half-life, neutron capture cross section and fission, are discussed, and the latest experimental and theoretical progress is reviewed.
【作者单位】：北京航空航天大学物理科学与核能工程学院;北京大学物理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(批准号:10975008;11035007;11105010;11128510;11235002) 新世纪优秀人才支持计划(批准号:NCET-09-0031) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2013CB834400)资助项目
【分类号】：P14

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