基于STM32的16位多通道生理信号采集系统的设计

发布时间：2018-01-05 09:57

本文关键词：基于STM32的16位多通道生理信号采集系统的设计　出处：《山东师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： STM32 USB设备 生理信号 A/D转换 采集

【摘要】：伴随着人类社会的发展和科技的进步，以及人口老龄化的趋势，心脑血管疾病成为威胁人类生命的最主要因素，是人类面临的头号杀手。而心脑血管疾病与生理信号有非常密切的关系，生理信号可以表征人体的生命指标，因此在医学上，生理信号的精确采集、分析以及处理，对于治疗疾病和临床医学研究具有非常重要的意义。现在临床上已经可以通过对生理信号的分析，预测和诊断患者的心脑血管状况以及可能出现的相关症状。生理信号的采集便是对生理信号进行分析和处理的首要环节，是心脑血管疾病诊断不可或缺的环节。采集到高质量的生理信号，对于疾病的诊断有巨大的帮助，，因此要尽量不失真采集生理信号。随着电子科学技术、数字信号处理技术和自动化的发展的迅速发展，生理信号的监测设备的发展也在朝着微型化、多功能化和低功耗的方向发展，方便了人们对生命的生理病理状况等的研究。采集信号的多样化、准确可靠，在医学教学和临床诊断治疗中发挥的作用越来越重要。本项目主要内容是关于基于STM32的16位多通道生理信号采集系统的硬件平台搭建及软件平台的设计的研究；开发的目的就是基于上述方法，搭建一个简单易用的便携式生理信号的采集系统。本论文主要完成了以下几方面的研究工作：（1）主要介绍生理信号定义及采集系统的基本技术基础。首先介绍生理信号的含义和特点，以及他所包含的种类，然后重点对生理信号中最常见的心电生理信号的产生原理进行了分析。（2）简要的介绍了根据生理信号采集系统的任务以及各项技术指标，对主要功能模块做出选择，并且确定了该信号采集系统所要是实现的主要功能目标。找出能够实现本系统所要达到的目标的生理信号采集方案。本文中硬件部分详细介绍了基于STM32F103的生理信号采集系统硬件平台的总体设计和搭建。包括系统核心微控制器STM32F103的功能和选择STM32F103的原因，采集系统的关键器件A/D转换器的选取原因和功能。介绍了信号调理电路部分的设计方案，包括前置放大部分电路、滤波电路和保护元器件等设计。软件平台设计部分介绍了USB功能模块，模块各个部分的各自实现方法和各自的功能。还介绍了硬件设备驱动程序部分的设计方案和一般的工作流程。（3）详细介绍了信号采集系统的固件程序设计，包括系统下位机主程序的实现过程、A/D转换模块和数据传输部分程序的设计、USB驱动程序的设计和介绍以及系统驱动程序的设计方案等。本生理信号采集系统的搭建，对于采集到稳定的、高质量、高精度的信号奠定了较好的基础。
[Abstract]:With the development of human society and the progress of science and technology, as well as the trend of aging population, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have become the most important factor threatening human life. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have a very close relationship with physiological signals. Physiological signals can represent human life indicators, so in medicine, physiological signals are accurately collected. Analysis and treatment are of great significance for the treatment of diseases and clinical medical research. Now it is possible to analyze physiological signals in clinic. Predict and diagnose cardiovascular and cerebrovascular status and possible associated symptoms. The acquisition of physiological signals is the first step in the analysis and processing of physiological signals, and is an indispensable link in the diagnosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It is of great help for the diagnosis of diseases, so it is necessary to collect physiological signals without distortion. With the rapid development of electronic science and technology, digital signal processing technology and automation. The development of physiological signal monitoring equipment is also towards the direction of miniaturization, multifunction and low power consumption. It is convenient for people to study the physiological and pathological conditions of life. It plays a more and more important role in medical teaching and clinical diagnosis and treatment. The main content of this project is about the hardware platform construction and software platform design of 16-bit multi-channel physiological signal acquisition system based on STM32. The purpose of the development is to build a simple and easy-to-use portable physiological signal acquisition system based on the above method. This thesis mainly completed the following research work: The definition of physiological signals and the basic technical basis of the acquisition system are introduced. Firstly, the meaning and characteristics of physiological signals and the types they contain are introduced. Then, the principle of electrocardiogram (ECG) which is the most common physiological signal is analyzed. According to the tasks of the physiological signal acquisition system and various technical indicators, the selection of the main functional modules is briefly introduced. The main function target of the signal acquisition system is determined, and the physiological signal acquisition scheme which can achieve the goal of the system is found. The hardware part of this paper introduces the system based on STM32 in detail. The overall design and construction of the hardware platform of the physiological signal acquisition system of F103, including the function of the system core microcontroller STM32F103 and the reason of choosing STM32F103. The selection reason and function of the key device of the acquisition system A / D converter. The design scheme of the signal conditioning circuit is introduced, including most of the preamplifier circuits. The design of filter circuit and protection components. The USB function module is introduced in the design of software platform. The methods and functions of each part of the module are introduced, and the design scheme and general workflow of the hardware device driver are also introduced. The firmware program design of the signal acquisition system is introduced in detail, including the realization process of the master program of the lower computer and the design of the A- / D conversion module and the data transmission part of the program. The design and introduction of USB driver and the design scheme of system driver. The establishment of the physiological signal acquisition system lays a good foundation for the acquisition of stable, high quality and high precision signals.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN911.7

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