新型高增益缝隙天线的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-01-12 09:42

本文关键词：新型高增益缝隙天线的研究与设计　出处：《苏州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：表面等离子体激元(SPPs),是一种存在于金属和介质交界面的电磁波,SPPs可以将电磁场限制在金属表面,从而产生强烈的场增强效果。近年来,SPPs的研究大多数集中在光学波段,然而SPPs的特性不仅适用于光波波段,在微波波段、毫米波波段以及太赫兹波段也能得到应用,尤其SPPs的特性在天线方面的应用研究更少见。本文包括两个部分,第一个部分着重研究SPPs的产生、激发以及新颖效应。第二部分主要研究并设计两类高增益天线,一类是采用引向的方式来实现天线高增益,另一类是利用SPPs透射场增强的特性来实现天线高增益。论文首先讨论了在微波低频段,SPPs在金属表面的存在问题。在微波波段,由于金属可以看成是完美金属,此时只考虑一块金属平板,那么它不支持任何极化形式的表面等离子体,但是如果在金属上刻一些结构,那么它就有可能支持表面等离子体激元。由于等离子共振频率是由自由电子密度决定的,对于微波波段的电磁波,其频率远小于金属等离子体频率,这就限制了SPPs在微波波段的应用。但是可以通过一些适当的措施,调整电子的浓度来改变金属的等离子频率,使得等离子频率为5-6GHz。其次,讨论了SPPs的激发问题。研究发现,电磁波的波矢与SPPs的波矢在水平方向是不匹配的,所以SPPs不能被激发。为了激发SPPs,需要使电磁波的波矢和SPPs的波矢在水平方向匹配。结果表明,实现波矢匹配的最典型的方法是利用介质周期性的栅格结构。接着,论文对高增益定向天线进行了研究,着重研究设计了一款带有一层缝隙引向单元的高增益缝隙引向天线。为了进一步提高该天线增益,利用介质周期性的栅格结构,激发金属缝隙引向单元表面的等离子体,使其与入射电磁波发生耦合,从而提高了电场强度,在不改变尺寸的情况下,使天线的增益提高了1.5dBi。最后,论文还研究了通过调整介质栅格结构,实现天线辐射方向的调节。
[Abstract]:The surface plasmon (SPPs), is a present in the metal dielectric interface and the electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic field SPPs can be limited in the metal surface, resulting in a strong field enhancement effect. In recent years, the research of SPPs mostly concentrated in the optical band, however, is not only suitable for the characteristics of SPPs wave band, in microwave band millimeter wave and terahertz band, also can be used, especially the research and application of SPPs characteristics in the aspects of the antenna is rare.
This paper includes two parts. The first part focuses on the production of SPPs, and stimulate new effects. The second part mainly studies the design and two kinds of high gain antenna, one is to adopt the way to achieve high gain antenna, the other is to achieve high gain antenna characteristics using SPPs transmission field enhancement.
This paper first discusses the SPPs in low frequency band of microwave, the problems existing in the surface of the metal. In the microwave band, because the metal can be regarded as the perfect metal, when considering only a piece of metal plate, the surface plasma so it does not support any form of polarization, but if the moment some structure in the metal, so it is possible to support surface the plasmon resonance frequency. The plasma is determined by the free electron density, the microwave electromagnetic wave, its frequency is much smaller than the metal plasma frequency, which limits the use of SPPs in the microwave band. But through some appropriate measures to adjust the electron concentration to change the frequency of the metal plasma, the plasma the frequency of 5-6GHz. is discussed. Secondly, to stimulate SPPs. The study found that the wave vector and wave vector SPPs electromagnetic wave is not matched in the horizontal direction, so SPPs To excite SPPs, we need to match the wave vector of SPPs and the wave vector of the electromagnetic wave in horizontal direction. The result shows that the most typical way to match the wave vector is to use the periodic grid structure of the medium.
Then, the thesis carries out research on high gain directional antenna, focuses on the design of a slot to the unit with a layer of high gain antenna to the gap. In order to further improve the antenna gain, the grid structure medium and periodic plasma excitation to the surface of the metal slit unit, which is coupled with the incident electromagnetic wave. In order to improve the electric field strength, without changing the size of the case, the antenna gain is increased by 1.5dBi. in the end, the paper also studies the medium by adjusting the grid structure, adjust the antenna radiation direction.

【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN823.24

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