天线远场测量系统的分析与研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 06:21

本文关键词：天线远场测量系统的分析与研究　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在远场天线测量系统中,传统架设天线的方式,自动化程度低,人工操作流程相当费时,从而造成测量效率低下,所以需要研究新技术设备的高效率测量系统。本文研究的系统是在微波暗室中可实现0.5GHz~40GHz各类型雷达以及雷达对抗装备天线远场方向图、增益等参数进而实现雷达整机性能的精确测量。自动化天线测量系统通过计算机编程,进而完成对发射源频率、输出功率、工作模式等参数的设置,同时控制转台各个轴的转动,发射源通过发射天线发射信号,信号到达接收天线后,由于空间中信号能量的损耗,需要经过低声噪放大器抬高信号功率,通过高频信号线到达矢网仪,采集信号按时间角度的方式显示出来。本文还对天线测量的基本方法进行研究。在保证室内远场距离R=35m,在0.5GHz~40GHz情况下,系统使用旋转天线的方法测绘出方向图,标准天线已标定好增益值,我们在暗室内还通过搭建三天线测量系统验证标准天线的增益,天线安装高度H为2.6m,收发天线之间的间距R是12.68m,满足远场测量距离,效果良好。随后使用自动化测量系统中使用比较法测出待测天线的增益,接着对系统所处环境,各个子系统的组成以及它们各自功能深入的研究,还有软件功能的具体实现给出了详细的说明。对自动化远场测量系统的误差分析主要是对方向图和增益的误差分析。方向图误差从测量距离、测量环境和角度测量三个方面分析,增益误差从极化失配、阻抗失配、收发天线间的耦合和相位中心不重合的方面分析,主要是对有限测量距离引入的误差进行分析,得出了增益相对误差与天线尺寸、工作频率以及暗室测量间距的关系变化曲线。本文设计研究了对数周期偶极子天线,带宽是0.2GHz~2GHz,使用HFSS13.0建模,对模型进行仿真分析计算,得出增益和方向图,与在测量系统中实际测量值进行对比分析,结果符合预期的设想。
[Abstract]:In the far-field antenna measurement system, the traditional way of setting up antenna is of low degree of automation, and the manual operation process is time-consuming, which results in low efficiency of measurement. Therefore, it is necessary to study the high efficiency measurement system of the new technology and equipment. The system studied in this paper can realize 0.5 GHz ~ 40GHz radar and radar countermeasure equipment antenna far-field pattern in the microwave darkroom. The automatic antenna measurement system is programmed by computer to set the parameters such as source frequency, output power, working mode and so on. At the same time, the rotation of each axis of the turntable is controlled. The transmitter transmits signals by transmitting antennas. After the signal reaches the receiving antenna, because of the loss of the signal energy in the space, the signal power needs to be raised by a low noise amplifier. Through the high-frequency signal line to reach the vector network, the collected signal is displayed in the way of time angle. The basic method of antenna measurement is also studied in this paper, and the indoor far field distance is guaranteed to be 35 m. In the case of 0.5GHz or 40GHz, the system uses the method of rotating antenna to draw the pattern, and the gain value of the standard antenna has been calibrated. The gain of the standard antenna is verified by building a three-antenna measurement system in the darkroom. The antenna installation height H is 2.6 m and the distance between the receiving and transmitting antennas R is 12.68 m, which meets the distance of far field measurement. The result is good. Then the gain of antenna to be tested is measured by comparison method in the automatic measurement system. Then the environment of the system, the composition of each subsystem and their respective functions are deeply studied. The error analysis of the automatic far field measurement system is mainly the error analysis of the direction diagram and the gain. The pattern error is measured from the distance. The gain error is analyzed from the aspects of polarization mismatch, impedance mismatch, coupling between transceiver antennas and non-coincidence of phase center. The error caused by the limited measurement distance is analyzed, and the relative gain error and antenna size are obtained. In this paper, the logarithmic periodic dipole antenna is designed and studied. The bandwidth is 0.2GHz and 2GHz. HFSS13.0 is used to model the antenna. The model is simulated and calculated, and the gain and pattern are obtained. The results are compared with the actual measured values in the measurement system. The results are in line with the expected assumption.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820

【参考文献】