基于超常媒质的电控扫描天线

发布时间：2018-02-28 03:55

本文关键词： 超常媒质漏波天线液晶材料复合左右手传输线电控扫描天线　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着卫星通信系统与雷达探测系统的快速发展，电控扫描天线的需求与日俱增。相比于机械扫描天线，电控扫描天线具有方向图扫描速度快、扫描精度高等显著优势。尤其是基于超常媒质的定频扫描天线，由于具有馈电系统简单、低剖面，集成度高等特性，近年来得到人们的广泛关注。为了实现超常媒质定频扫描天线在微波毫米波频率的应用，本论文针对加载液晶材料的超常媒质定频扫描天线进行了深入研究。首先，本文从液晶材料传统光频段可控特性出发，对在微波段展现的电磁特性进行建模，参数提取和仿真实验。采用分块法在数值仿真中逼近液晶材料的真实微波特性进行表征。第二，结合上述特性的讨论，提出了一种基于液晶材料的电控机构的扫描电控天线设计的新方法。该方法可以方便地对天线的辐射参量进行调控，电控机构简单易于设计加工，据此方法得到的天线能够在Ku波段的定点上具有64度的扫描角度，扫描平均增益7.6dB，副瓣电平-6dB。最后，本文提出一种适用于辐射参量与阻抗参量协同调整与优化的电控机构设计方法，能够同时实现良好的辐射特性与阻抗特性。通过双调谐法设计的天线在Ku波段上能够定点扫描50度，扫描平均增益10.3dB，，副瓣电平-13.5dB。本文对于液晶材料在微波段性质的分析以及应用方法对设计基于液晶材料的微波及毫米波器件具有指导意义；文中提出的两种设计方法不仅适用于漏波天线的设计，也可以应用于各类基于传输线理论和超常媒质理论的液晶微波器件设计中；根据两种方法设计的天线在辐射角度、增益和副瓣电平水平上符合雷达及卫星通信系统的需求，可以作为这类系统中良好的技术储备。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of satellite communication system and radar detection system, the demand of electronically controlled scanning antenna is increasing day by day. Especially the fixed frequency scanning antenna based on supernormal medium has been paid more and more attention in recent years because of its simple feed system low profile and high integration. In order to realize the application of the supernormal medium fixed frequency scanning antenna in the microwave millimeter wave frequency, this paper makes a deep research on the super normal medium fixed frequency scanning antenna loaded with liquid crystal material. In this paper, based on the controllable characteristics of the traditional optical frequency band of liquid crystal material, the electromagnetic characteristics of the liquid crystal material in microwave band are modeled. Parameter extraction and simulation experiments. The real microwave characteristics of liquid crystal materials are approximated by block method in numerical simulation. Secondly, based on the discussion of the above characteristics, A new design method of scanning electronic control antenna based on liquid crystal material is proposed. This method can easily control the radiation parameters of the antenna, and the electronic control mechanism is simple and easy to design and process. The antenna obtained by this method can have a scanning angle of 64 degrees at a fixed point in Ku-band, the average scanning gain is 7.6 dB, and the sidelobe level is -6 dB. Finally, In this paper, a design method of electronic control mechanism is presented, which is suitable for the coordinated adjustment and optimization of radiation and impedance parameters. The antenna designed by dual tuning method can scan 50 degrees at a fixed point, average gain of 10.3 dB and sidelobe level of -13.5 dB in Ku band. In this paper, the analysis and application of liquid crystal materials in microwave section are helpful to the design of microwave and millimeter wave devices based on liquid crystal materials, and the two design methods proposed in this paper are not only suitable for the design of leaky wave antennas, but also for the design of microwave and millimeter wave devices based on liquid crystal materials. It can also be used in the design of liquid crystal microwave devices based on transmission line theory and supernormal medium theory. The antenna designed according to the two methods meets the requirements of radar and satellite communication systems at the level of radiation angle, gain and sidelobe level. It can be used as a good technical reserve in this kind of system.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820

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