天线罩通风方案设计仿真与优化

发布时间：2018-03-01 02:35

本文关键词： 天线罩通风仿真优化　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：大型雷达天线罩作为对雷达天线的一个有效保护手段,被世界上大多数国家广泛采用。其在我国也得到了越来越多的应用,尤其是在自然环境比较恶劣的地区,保证了雷达的全天候工作,在国家的经济建设和国防事业中起到了重要的作用。但是,雷达天线罩在保护雷达的同时,也带来了一些负面影响,如使雷达罩内外空气隔绝,阻碍了雷达的散热、导致雷达设备的寿命缩短和测量精度降低等问题。如何克服雷达天线罩的散热问题成为需要迫切解决的问题。本文结合某型雷达天线罩通风实例,利用传热基础理论对天线雷达罩内部热交换形式和提高热交换效率进行了研究,并采用数值仿真对雷达天线罩系统的通风方案进行了仿真计算。主要研究成果为:1.分析了雷达天线罩内存在的热交换形式。根据雷达天线罩所处的自然环境和工作环境,分析了对其温度影响较大的几种因素,如午间太阳照射、天线罩吸收雷达电磁波辐射产热、雷达天线和其它工作部件在工作过程中的产热等,并研究了用热传导、热对流理论对其进行的计算的方法。研究了传热及流动的基础理论,在理论研究的基础上,根据雷达天线罩内设备等对环境的工程要求,有针对性地提出两种不同的通风换热方案。2.探索和研究了对截球体雷达天线罩及其内部复杂构件进行结构化网格划分的方法。由于雷达天线罩模型是一个由球体、薄壁、棱柱、圆柱等几何形状组成的复杂图形,需要建立一个网格质量高、数量少、计算精度高、收敛性好的仿真模型。本文就常见的四分之三截球体雷达天线罩模型,采用Pro/E建立了基本模型,并找到了使用ICEM CFD软件建立高质量结构化网格的方法,总结了结构化网格质量不高的一些原因,提出了相应的解决办法。3.通过计算机模拟仿真,对不同的通风方案进行了对比研究。根据五种不同的通风方案,在ANSYS CFX软件中进行了建模,对雷达天线罩模型进行模拟仿真计算,形成直观形象的可视化仿真结果,并对温度场、流质的速度场等进行对比分析,寻找较好的通风方案,并发现提高雷达天线罩内换热效率的一般规律。4.总结了影响雷达天线罩内部热交换效率的几种因素。根据仿真实验的分析结果,找到了影响雷达天线罩内对温度控制影响较大的几种要素,如构件的外形,制造构件材料的热性能参数,流质通过换热表面时的速度,流体的物性参数等,为进一步优化通风方案提供了有力的理论和实践基础。
[Abstract]:As an effective protection method for radar antenna, large radar radome is widely used in most countries in the world. It has also been applied more and more in our country, especially in areas where the natural environment is relatively bad. It ensures the all-weather work of radar and plays an important role in the national economic construction and national defense. However, the radome not only protects the radar, but also brings some negative effects, such as isolating the air inside and outside the radome. It hinders the heat dissipation of radar, leading to the shortening of the life of radar equipment and the decrease of measuring precision. How to overcome the heat dissipation of radome becomes an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, an example of ventilation for a certain type of radar radome is presented. Based on the basic theory of heat transfer, the heat exchange form and the efficiency of heat exchange in radome are studied. The ventilation scheme of radar radome system is simulated by numerical simulation. The main research result is: 1. The heat exchange form in radome is analyzed. According to the natural environment and working environment of radar radome, This paper analyses several factors that have great influence on its temperature, such as noon sun irradiation, radome absorbing the heat of radar electromagnetic wave radiation, the heat generation of radar antenna and other working parts in the working process, and studies the heat conduction by using heat. The basic theory of heat transfer and flow is studied. On the basis of theoretical study, according to the environmental engineering requirements of the equipment inside the radome, In this paper, two different ventilation heat transfer schemes are proposed. 2. The method of structurized mesh division for truncated radar radome and its internal complex components is explored and studied. Because the radar radome model is made up of sphere, thin wall and prism, It is necessary to establish a simulation model with high mesh quality, small quantity, high accuracy and good convergence for the complex figure of cylindrical geometry. The common 3/4 truncated spherical radar radome model is discussed in this paper. The basic model is built with Pro/E, and the method of using ICEM CFD software to build high quality structured grid is found. Some reasons for the low quality of structured grid are summarized, and the corresponding solution is put forward. Different ventilation schemes are compared and studied. According to five different ventilation schemes, the model is modeled in ANSYS CFX software, and the radar radome model is simulated and calculated to form visual visual simulation results. In order to find a better ventilation scheme, the temperature field and the velocity field of the fluid are compared and analyzed. The general law of improving the heat transfer efficiency in the radome is found. 4. Several factors affecting the heat transfer efficiency in the radome are summarized. Several factors affecting the temperature control in the radome are found, such as the shape of the component, the thermal performance parameters of the material used in the manufacture of the component, the velocity of the fluid passing through the heat transfer surface, the physical properties of the fluid, and so on. It provides a powerful theoretical and practical basis for further optimization of ventilation schemes.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.2

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