超宽带Vivaldi天线研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 07:31

本文选题：超宽带巴伦　切入点：平衡对巕Vivaldi天线　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着超宽带技术的发展,各种类型的具有超宽带特性的天线也是蓬勃涌现,但是早期的几种运用超宽带技术的天线形式,例如双锥天线,偶极子天线,缝隙超宽带天线等,难免存在着体积过大,带宽较窄,时域性能差等各种缺陷,而微带天线的发展在一定程度上弥补了这些缺憾,Vivaldi天线作为微带天线里面特点比较突出的一类,高达几十倍频或者几十GHz的带宽是此类天线给研究者留下的最深刻的印象,同时适中的增益,良好的相位中心稳定性都是其被广泛应用的原因,而Vivaldi天线作为一种非周期的端射天线在时域也有着不俗的表现,窄脉冲响应的畸变很小,这是它作为一种渐变天线却优于类似天线的一大特征。且相继发展出了(1)传统的Vivaldi天线(Vivaldi Antenna)(2)对瞳Vivaldi天线(Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna, AVA),(3)平衡对踵Vivaldi天线(Balanced Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna, BAVA)三个发展阶段的天线类型。本文在前人研究的基础上,做了以下工作：对BAVA天线进行不断的改进,实现天线更好的性能。1首先对微带线-槽线、带线-双面槽线、微带线-平行双线、带线-平行三线、基片集成波导SIW (Substrate Integrated Waveguide)等多种具有超宽带特性的馈电巴伦进行仿真设计,分析主要的参数对馈电巴伦超宽带性能的影响,优化实现宽带内比较好的阻抗匹配性能,分析比较各个巴伦的优缺点及其原因。2然后研究各个参数对天线性能的影响并设计初始天线,电压驻波比在1.45-19GHz频带内保持在2以下,并对其天线结构小型化,使其在2-18GHz的频带内满足指标要求,再对其小型化并加工实物,测试验证。3其次考虑高介电常数介质引导对天线S参数和增益的影响,比较了不同的引向形状对天线增益引起的差异和规律,在不同尺寸下进行实验验证,最后对不同介电常数的辐射外腔对天线低频增益的影响规律做出总结,同时对周期波纹加载(Corrugated Edges, CE)技术改善天线低频段阻抗匹配使得截止频率向低频延伸0.3GHz和提高频带内天线增益的影响规律。
[Abstract]:With the development of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, various types of UWB antennas are emerging, but some early UWB antenna forms, such as double cone antenna, dipole antenna, slot UWB antenna, etc. However, the development of microstrip antenna makes up for these defects to some extent, such as Vivaldi antenna, which is a kind of microstrip antenna with outstanding characteristics. The bandwidth of up to a few dozen times or tens of GHz is the most impressive antenna of this kind, and the moderate gain and good stability of the phase center are the reasons why it is widely used. As an aperiodic end-emitting antenna, Vivaldi antenna has a good performance in time domain, and the distortion of narrow pulse response is very small. This is one of the major features of its gradual antenna but superior to that of the similar one. And it has been developed in succession. (1) the traditional Vivaldi antenna Vivaldi Antenna 2) the antipodal Vivaldi Antenna of the pupil Vivaldi antenna is balanced against the three stages of the development of the Vivaldi antenna balanced Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (BAVA3). On the basis of previous studies, The following work has been done: the BAVA antenna has been continuously improved to achieve better performance 1.First, the microstrip line-slot line, the strip line-double-side slot line, the microstrip line-parallel two-wire, the strip line-parallel three-wire, the microstrip line-parallel three-wire, the microstrip line-parallel channel line, the microstrip line-parallel two-wire, the microstrip line-parallel three-wire, A variety of feed Barron with UWB characteristics, such as SIW substrate Integrated waveguide, are simulated and designed. The effects of main parameters on the performance of UWB are analyzed to optimize the performance of impedance matching in broadband. This paper analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of each Barron and its reasons .2 then studies the effect of each parameter on the antenna performance and designs the initial antenna. The VSWR is kept below 2 in the 1.45-19GHz band, and the antenna structure is miniaturized. It can meet the requirements in the frequency band of 2-18GHz, and then miniaturize it and process it. The test results show that the influence of the dielectric guidance of high dielectric constant on the S parameters and gain of the antenna is considered. The differences and rules of antenna gain caused by different lead shapes are compared and verified by experiments under different sizes. Finally, the effects of radiation external cavity with different dielectric constants on the low frequency gain of antenna are summarized. At the same time, the periodic corrugated Edges (CEE) technique is used to improve the effect of impedance matching in low frequency band to extend the cutoff frequency to the low frequency by 0.3 GHz and to increase the antenna gain in the frequency band.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN822.8

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