有限扫描相控阵中高效单元的研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 09:21

本文选题：引向器　切入点：隔板圆极化器　出处：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：基于国内外文献对GBR-P的简单介绍以及对GBR-P天线单元的高性能要求,本文主要研究了X波段大间距有限扫描相控阵中的高效单元,这样的圆极化高效单元具有小口径、高增益的特点。以下是论文主要工作要点:(1)设计了引向器,它可以使普通的辐射口径小于38mm的天线单元的增益增加4dB,3dB波瓣宽度减小了大约20°。(2)设计了两种圆极化器,一种是底面同轴馈电的方波导中的隔板圆极化器,另一种是侧面同轴馈电的圆波导中的隔板圆极化器。(3)设计了三种口径直径不大于38mm的X波段有限扫描相控阵中的高效单元。一种是圆柱形高效单元,该单元天线是由两个圆波导一个引向器构成。一种是侧面同轴馈电的圆极化喇叭高效单元,它是由两个同轴输入端口、圆波导圆极化器、圆锥喇叭、引向器构成。它可以工作在2GHz的带宽内,它的一个端口馈电时辐射右旋圆极化波,那么另一个端口馈电时就辐射左旋圆极化波。另一种是底面馈电的高效单元,是考虑到实际应用由上一种改进而来,它是由两个同轴输入端口、匹配台阶、方波导圆极化器、方圆过渡波导、圆锥喇叭和引向器组成,它的性能更好,可以很方便的安装T/R组件,互耦也会降低。(4)把这样的高效单元组成7?7间距约1.3?的均匀阵列后,得到的高效单元有源单元方向图增益为12.3dB,副瓣电平小于-18dB,主瓣宽度40.6°,且轴比在这个范围内小于3dB。有源单元方向图在有限扫描范围内即?10°内成平顶状。按照小阵模拟大阵的理论,用这样的高效单元1664个组成大间距八角阵列,结合有源单元方向图和非周期特性,用C++工具软件对这样的大型阵列的辐射方向图进行了分析,可以发现栅瓣抑制到-27dB,阵列的性能更好。(5)利用以RWG为基函数的三维矩量法对设计的喇叭高效单元、7?7阵列中心激励、均匀激励的方向图和轴比进行了数值计算,并与以有限元法为基础的仿真软件Ansoft HFSS设计的结果进行对比,它们的方向图、轴比基本吻合。最后加工了实物,设计达到了技术指标。
[Abstract]:Based on the brief introduction of GBR-P in domestic and foreign literature and the high performance requirements for GBR-P antenna elements, this paper mainly studies the high efficiency elements in X-band large spacing limited scanning phased array, such circular polarization efficient elements have small aperture. The following is the main work of the thesis: 1) A pilot is designed, which can increase the gain of ordinary antenna units with a radiation aperture of less than 38 mm and reduce the width of 3 dB lobe by about 20 掳. 2) two kinds of circular polarizers are designed. One is a diaphragm circular polarizer in a square waveguide fed coaxially on the bottom, The other is the diaphragm circular polarizer in the side-coaxial waveguide. Three kinds of high-efficiency elements in X-band finite scanning phased array with diameter of not more than 38 mm are designed, one is cylindrical high-efficiency element. The unit antenna is composed of two circular waveguides and a direction.One is a high-efficiency cell for side-coaxial fed circular polarized horn, which consists of two coaxial input ports, a circular waveguide polarizer, a conical horn, a circular waveguide, a circular waveguide, a circular waveguide, a circular waveguide, a circular waveguide, a circular waveguide, and a circular horn. It can work in a 2GHz bandwidth, and one of its ports radiates right-handed circularly polarized waves, then the other ports radiate left-handed circularly polarized waves. The other is an efficient unit for bottom feed. It is considered that the practical application is made up of two coaxial input ports, matching step, square waveguide circular polarizer, square circle transition waveguide, conical horn and direction guide, and its performance is better. It is easy to install the T / R component, and the mutual coupling will be reduced. 4) such efficient units will be made up of 7? About 1.3? The gain of active cell pattern is 12.3 dB, the sidelobe level is less than -18 dB, the width of main lobe is 40.6 掳, and the axial ratio is less than 3 dB in this range. It is flat top in 10 掳. According to the theory of simulating large array with small array, 1664 high-efficiency elements are used to form a large spacing octagonal array, combining the pattern of active elements and aperiodic characteristics. The radiation pattern of such a large array is analyzed by using C tool software. It can be found that the gate lobe is suppressed to -27dB, and the performance of the array is better. 7. The pattern and axial ratio of central excitation and uniform excitation of array are numerically calculated, and compared with the results of Ansoft HFSS, a simulation software based on finite element method, their directions and axial ratios are basically consistent. Finally, the material object is processed. The design has reached the technical target.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820

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