目标单站RCS近场测量方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 05:23

本文选题：雷达散射截面　切入点：单站近场散射测量　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近场测量方法具有信息量大、便于室内操作、测量精度高、保密性强、可以全天侯工作等优点,因此这种方法已成为国内外研究目标或天线散射特性的一个重要方法。本文在近场测量理论的基础上,推导了近远场变换理论,并通过计算机仿真,对三维目标和天线的单站近场散射测量方法进行了研究。论文的主要工作如下:首先,研究了近远场变换理论,包括降维算法和三维算法。在电磁理论的基础上,结合特殊函数,推导出了待测目标或天线的散射近场与远场RCS之间的数学关系。其次,应用近远场变换理论三维算法的降维算法研究分析微带天线的远场散射特性。天线散射场由结构模式项散射场和模式项散射场这两部分组成。本文应用单站近场测量方法的降维算法并结合天线散射场的分离理论分别求出了微带天线结构模式项RCS理论值和模式项RCS理论值,并将结构模式项RCS理论值与实际值进行比较。再次,在近远场变换理论三维算法的基础上,通过电磁仿真软件FEKO对单站近场测量方法进行了分析和研究。在仿真测量过程中,用电偶极子作为“自发自收”探头进行近场测量,获得三维目标(圆柱体)的单站散射近场数据,通过近远场变换理论算法公式得到目标的远场单站RCS理论值。同时,通过直接给待测目标加平面波得到目标的远场RCS实际值,最后比较理论值和实际值。结果证实了这种方法对于三维目标的适用性。最后,分析单站近场散射测量方法产生误差的因素,并研究其补偿技术。在分析误差的同时,也证明了采样定理的科学性。
[Abstract]:The near-field measurement method has the advantages of large amount of information, convenient indoor operation, high measurement precision, strong confidentiality, and the ability to work all day. Therefore, this method has become an important method to study the scattering characteristics of target or antenna at home and abroad. Based on the theory of near-field measurement, the theory of near-far field transformation is deduced and simulated by computer. In this paper, the single station near-field scattering measurement method for 3D target and antenna is studied. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the near-far field transform theory, including dimensionality reduction algorithm and three-dimensional algorithm, is studied. Combined with the special function, the mathematical relationship between the near-field scattering and far-field RCS of the target or antenna to be measured is derived. The dimensionality reduction algorithm based on the theory of near far field transformation is used to study and analyze the far field scattering characteristics of microstrip antenna. The antenna scattering field is composed of two parts: the structural mode term scattering field and the mode term scattering field. In this paper, the single station near field is used. The dimensionality reduction algorithm of the measurement method and the separation theory of the antenna scattering field are used to calculate the theoretical values of the mode term RCS and the mode term RCS of the microstrip antenna, respectively. The theoretical value of the structural mode term RCS is compared with the actual value. Thirdly, on the basis of the three-dimensional algorithm of near-far field transformation theory, the single-station near-field measurement method is analyzed and studied by the electromagnetic simulation software FEKO. The electric dipole is used as the "spontaneous self-receiving" probe to measure the near field, and the single station scattering near-field data of the three-dimensional target (cylinder) are obtained. The theoretical value of the far-field single-station RCS of the target is obtained by the theoretical formula of near-far-field transformation. By adding plane wave directly to the target to be measured, the far field RCS values of the target are obtained, and the theoretical and practical values are compared. The results confirm the applicability of this method to 3D targets. This paper analyzes the error factors of the single station near-field scattering measurement method and studies its compensation technique. The scientific nature of the sampling theorem is also proved when the error is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.51

【相似文献】