基于HMM的室内楼层定位研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 05:09

本文选题：楼层定位　切入点：室内定位　出处：《杭州电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着信息技术的迅猛发展，移动定位已经成为人们日常生活的一大需求。对于室外GPS定位的研究已日趋成熟，人们迫切希望室内定位能和室外定位无缝对接，便利生活与工作。近几年，国内外研究人员对室内定位做了大量的工作，提出了各种利用不同信号载体、不同定位算法的方案。而室内定位领域的楼层定位研究尚处于初始阶段，许多研究忽视对楼层的确定，或者直接人为指定楼层，，或者利用硬件设备获得海拔信息。而楼层定位有其特殊的应用价值和用户需求，因此未来利用软件方案、算法对楼层定位作研究是很有必要的。针对楼层定位，本文第一次总结了近几年来国内外有限的文献资料，提出一个基于RSSI信号分析的FLOC楼层定位方案，将楼层定位抽象成数据分析模型，解决楼层定位问题。本文的主要贡献与创新有： (1)针对楼层定位方向研究的匮乏的现象，本文调研分析现有室内定位、楼层定位方法，分析其技术特点、指出不足。 (2)结合穿越楼层的WiFi信号的RSSI值特点，定量分析了楼层层板阻隔效应，提出一个基于信号分析的FLOC解决方案； (3)创造性地将楼层定位抽象成数据分析问题，首次将隐马尔科夫模型、聚类分析应用于楼层定位，改进前向后向算法使适用于FLOC方案，通过四组参数对比分析评估模型性能，在特定参数下达到100%的定位精度； (4)在Android平台上验证FLOC方案，通过众包采集利用现成的热点设施实现，无需现场调研、成本低。 (5)开发火灾逃生APP，并将该方案应用其中，实验证明将楼层定位结合在定位应用中，比传统人工设置更灵活、智能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology, mobile positioning has become a major demand of people's daily life. The research on outdoor GPS positioning has become more and more mature, people urgently hope that indoor positioning and outdoor positioning can be jointed seamlessly. In recent years, researchers at home and abroad have done a great deal of work on indoor positioning, and put forward various kinds of use of different signal carriers, However, the study of floor location in the field of indoor location is still in the initial stage. Many studies ignore the determination of the floor, or directly artificial designated floor, Or using hardware equipment to obtain altitude information, and floor positioning has its special application value and user needs, so it is necessary to use software scheme and algorithm to study floor location in the future. For the first time, this paper summarizes the limited literature in recent years, and proposes a FLOC floor location scheme based on RSSI signal analysis, which abstracts the floor location into a data analysis model to solve the problem of floor location. The main contributions and innovations of this paper are as follows:. 1) in view of the lack of research on the direction of floor positioning, this paper investigates and analyzes the existing indoor positioning and floor positioning methods, analyzes its technical characteristics and points out its shortcomings. (2) considering the characteristics of RSSI value of WiFi signal across floors, the barrier effect of floor laminates is quantitatively analyzed, and a FLOC solution based on signal analysis is proposed. 3) abstracting floor location into data analysis problem creatively, applying hidden Markov model and cluster analysis to floor location for the first time, improving forward and backward algorithm to apply to FLOC scheme, and evaluating the performance of the model by comparing four sets of parameters. The positioning accuracy is up to 100% in specific parameters. 4) verify the FLOC scheme on the Android platform, realize by crowdsourcing and using the ready-made hot spot facilities, do not need the field investigation, and the cost is low. 5) develop the fire escape app, and apply it to it. The experiment shows that the combination of floor positioning in location application is more flexible and intelligent than traditional manual setting.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN92

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