移动WSNs中最优二级分簇方案研究及密钥分配协议设计

发布时间：2018-04-12 19:47

本文选题：移动无线传感器网络 + 二级分簇　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络是通过在一定区域内部署大量无线传感器节点,实现环境数据监测任务的多跳网络。由于无线传感器节点采用电池供电形式,单个节点能量有限,同时节点部署环境恶劣,节点随时有被捕获危险,所以安全和能耗成为制约无线传感器网络发展的最大瓶颈。目前在无线传感器网络中,节点能耗主要用于数据接收和转发上,无线传感器网络中数据传输总跳数决定了整个网络的能量消耗水平。传统上通过引入了数据压缩技术和分簇网络结构,能在一定程度上降低网络节点能耗。但目前一级分簇网络结构在节省数据传输跳数能力有限;传统上的无线传感器网络密钥分配协议不支持节点位置移动所带来的密钥更新功能需求,同时能耗过高,这些都是现在无线传感器网络存在的主要问题。本文针对目前移动传感器网络能耗过高、密钥分配协议不能满足节点移动所带来的密钥动态管理需求,做了以下主要工作:引入二级簇首节点提出了二级分簇网络结构模型。通过理论分析得出了无线传感器网络中数据传输总跳数E与网络一、二级分簇层数k、m和网络特征值2S/R之间函数关系。求出了在理想传输模型网络传输跳数最小时最优一、二级分簇层数k*、m*。并结合集合覆盖问题,设计了移动无线传感器网络中的一、二级簇头选取算法。对比实验表明,本文提出的二级分簇网络结构模型在数据传输跳数上和一级分簇网络结构模型相比能有大幅减少;在数据压缩率上和一级分簇结构网络相比也有较大提高,从而能显著降低网络能耗。为发挥最优二级分簇网络模型有效降低网络能耗的优势,本文将最优二级分簇网络结构模型应用于密钥分配协议中,设计了最优二级分簇网络密钥分配协议(简称T-L密钥协议)。与经典的LEAP协议一样,T-L协议具有在普通节点暴露后,不会对网络中其它节点的安全链路产生任何影响的优点。同时该协议能够有效支持网络中移动节点的密钥管理。通过理论分析和对比实验,本文提出的T-L密钥分配协议在单个节点平均能耗上小于LEAP协议平均节点能耗。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a multi-hop network which implements the task of environmental data monitoring by deploying a large number of wireless sensor nodes in a certain area.Because wireless sensor nodes use battery power, single node energy is limited, at the same time, node deployment environment is bad, nodes are at risk of capture at any time, so security and energy consumption has become the biggest bottleneck restricting the development of wireless sensor networks.At present, the energy consumption of nodes in wireless sensor networks is mainly used for data receiving and forwarding. The total hops of data transmission in wireless sensor networks determine the energy consumption level of the whole network.Traditionally, data compression technology and cluster network structure are introduced to reduce the energy consumption of network nodes to a certain extent.However, the current primary clustering network structure is limited in saving data transmission hops, and the traditional key distribution protocol in wireless sensor networks does not support the requirement of key updating brought by node location movement, and the energy consumption is too high.These are the main problems in wireless sensor networks.In view of the high energy consumption of mobile sensor networks and the fact that the key distribution protocol can not meet the demand of dynamic key management brought by node movement, this paper does the following main work: introducing the two-level cluster head node, a two-level cluster network structure model is proposed.Through theoretical analysis, the functional relationship between the total hops E of data transmission in wireless sensor networks and network I, the number of secondary cluster layers KM and the network eigenvalue 2S/R is obtained.In this paper, the optimal number of second and second order cluster layers is obtained when the number of transmission hops is minimum in the ideal transmission model.Combined with the set coverage problem, a two-level cluster head selection algorithm for mobile wireless sensor networks is designed.The comparative experiments show that the proposed two-level clustering network structure model can greatly reduce the number of data transmission hops compared with the first-order clustering network structure model, and the data compression ratio is also greatly improved compared with the first-order clustering structure network model.Thus, the network energy consumption can be significantly reduced.In order to bring into play the advantage of the optimal two-level clustering network model to reduce the network energy consumption effectively, this paper applies the optimal two-level clustering network structure model to the key distribution protocol, and designs the optimal two-level clustering network key distribution protocol (T-L key protocol for short).Like the classical LEAP protocol, T-L protocol has the advantage of not having any effect on the secure links of other nodes in the network after the ordinary nodes are exposed.At the same time, the protocol can effectively support the key management of mobile nodes in the network.Through theoretical analysis and comparative experiments, the average energy consumption of T-L key distribution protocol proposed in this paper is lower than that of LEAP protocol.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN918.4;TP212.9

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