车载无线自组网MAC协议研究及仿真

发布时间：2018-04-20 15:06

  本文选题：车用无线自组织网络 + IEEE　； 参考：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：车载无线自组织网络(VANET)能够为人们提供安全,舒服,方便的交通服务。IEEE1609系列协议和IEEE802.11p协议共同规定了车载网络的整体协议架构。并且1609.4协议提出车网络采用多信道传输,阐述了信道切换方式。IEEE 1609.4标准规定车载网络MAC层采用多信道传输机制,在SCH时隙具有六个业务信道,1609.4协议并没有明确规定这些信道的具体分配措施。为了提高业务信息的传输性能,本文研究了MAC层多个信道和时间的分配策略,针对车载网络车与路边设施通信交互模式,提出了一种基于节点相对位置及业务类型的资源分配算法。路边设施在接收到节点的业务需求时,能够根据当前节点的位置信息和业务的Qos需要计算出各个节点的优先级,然后在处理相应的业务需求时,需要计算不同分配方法的评价函数值,从中选出需要slot较少,切换信道次数较少和能够保持各个信道负载较为均衡的方法。在车辆密度较大的交通环境中,有限的频带资源可能无法满足节点的业务需求。本文提出了一种车载网络中的接纳控制和信道预留策略,由于车辆在道路上行驶具有一维性,车辆节点的运行状态更容易掌握。RSU对于资源的预留机制预测结果更有意义,预留资源也会更加准确。另外,考虑到车辆节点的运行速度要远远大于移动终端的运行速度,而且车辆的速度和方向随时都会改变,为了提高信道预留准确性,RSU将会根据车辆密度的变化,动态的更新获取到的节点位置信息。从而在保证原有服务不掉线的情况下,尽量的接纳新用户的服务。为了对资源分配算法对车载网络性能的影响做出验证,本文建立了车载网络MAC协议仿真平台。并利用仿真平台验证了基于节点相对位置及业务类型的资源分配算法对于业务信息传输的可靠性,数据包的端到端时延以及系统的吞吐量产生的影响,并与基于空闲信道资源分配算法的仿真结果做出分析和比较。
[Abstract]:The vehicle wireless self-organizing network (VANET) can provide people with security, comfort, and convenient traffic service.IEEE1609 series protocol and IEEE802.11p protocol, which stipulates the overall protocol architecture of the vehicle network. And the 1609.4 protocol proposes that the vehicle network adopts multi channel transmission, and describes the channel switching mode.IEEE 1609.4 standard for vehicle network M. The multi channel transmission mechanism is adopted in the AC layer, and there are six traffic channels in the SCH slot. The 1609.4 protocol does not specify the specific allocation measures of these channels. In order to improve the transmission performance of the business information, this paper studies the allocation strategy of multiple channels and times in the MAC layer, and proposes the communication mode of the vehicle network vehicle and the roadside facilities. A resource allocation algorithm based on the relative location and service type of the node. The roadside facilities can calculate the priority of each node according to the location information of the current node and the Qos needs of the service when receiving the service requirements of the node. Then, the evaluation function values of the different allocation methods need to be calculated when dealing with the corresponding business requirements. A method of selecting less slot, less switching channel times and maintaining a more balanced load of each channel is selected from it. In a traffic environment with large vehicle density, the limited frequency band resources may not meet the service requirements of the nodes. The road on the road is one dimension, and the running state of the vehicle node is more easy to grasp..RSU is more meaningful to the prediction result of the reservation mechanism of the resource, and the reserved resources will be more accurate. In addition, considering that the running speed of the vehicle node is far greater than the running speed of the mobile terminal, and the speed and direction of the vehicle will be changed at any time. In order to improve the reservation accuracy of the channel, RSU will update the location information of the node dynamically according to the change of vehicle density, so as to accept the service of the new user as much as possible when the original service is not dropped. In order to verify the impact of the resource allocation algorithm on the performance of the vehicle network, the vehicle network MAC is established in this paper. The simulation platform is used to verify the effect of the resource allocation algorithm based on the relative position of the node and the service type on the reliability of the traffic information transmission, the end to end delay of the packet and the throughput of the system, and makes an analysis and comparison with the simulation results based on the allocation algorithm based on the free channel resource allocation.

【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN915.04
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本文编号：1778265