相控阵雷达多目标跟踪模式波束资源管理与优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 07:03

本文选题：相控阵雷达 + 多目标跟踪　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：相控阵雷达借助灵活的波束指向和捷变特性,可为空域搜索、目标跟踪等不同任务合理分配时间与能量资源,适时地调整安排雷达工作模式,满足不同功能需求;可在满足目标跟踪要求的同时,保持指定空域的搜索监测能力;可应对多批次、强机动和高速度的目标跟踪定位需求;可自适应调整任务优先级、目标优先级,实时应对战场环境变化与目标状态的变化,从而动态调整系统工作状态和设备参数设定,优化整体性能。由于相控阵雷达系统的资源是共享的,而不同工作状态和任务对资源的需求是不同的,没有合理的统筹分配,就无法从根本上保障其跟踪能力与优势的发挥。结合现阶段的研究成果和问题背景,本文着重研究了相控阵雷达多目标跟踪状态下的多波束资源管理与优化方法。主要工作如下:1.研究了多目标多波束的相控阵跟踪模式下的资源管理方法,即如何分配雷达波束、如何在搜索与跟踪之间合理调度。重点关注多目标跟踪与多波束架构下的资源管理。1)在多目标场景下,各个目标的威胁度评估很大程度上影响着跟踪目标的分配,准确快速的威胁程度评估能够更好地合理利用有限的雷达资源。本文将模糊优选理论与层次分析法相结合,利用专家知识与目标先验知识共同确定目标威胁度,研究了一种基于模糊优化的目标威胁度准则。利用仿真证实了其可为多目标实时准确提供威胁度判定,充分利用了专家知识且遵循和模拟了人的思维意识,具有较好的评估性能。2)研究了一种信息论-协方差融合的资源管理算法,结合了基于信息论和基于协方差控制的两种算法的优点,既考虑了各目标独立的期望跟踪精度,又利用了机动特性带来的信息增量。在融合改进的同时,考虑实际相控阵应用中的独立多波束控制情况,实现了多目标跟踪与多波束联合控制下的雷达资源管理,使其更加适应多目标场景,目标容量进一步提升。2.从雷达发射参数优化角度,重点关注独立多波束模式中各波束功率分配优化问题,将跟踪误差的贝叶斯克拉美罗下界作为代价函数,研究了一种针对有限功率资源的分配优化方法。此外,针对现有的相控阵雷达多波束资源管理问题,即多波束的联合调度与任务分配,研究了一种时间-功率联合分配方法。通过仿真证实了功率优化分配方法在跟踪性能提升方面的有效性,同时对联合分配方法的可行性与有效性做了验证,并与传统的时间-功率平均分配方法进行了详细对比分析。
[Abstract]:With flexible beam-pointing and agility, phased array radar can reasonably allocate time and energy resources for different tasks, such as spatial search, target tracking, etc. It can meet the target tracking requirements while maintaining the search and monitoring capability of the specified airspace; it can meet the needs of multiple batches, strong maneuvering and high speed target tracking and positioning; it can adaptively adjust the task priority and target priority. It can respond to the changes of battlefield environment and target state in real time so as to dynamically adjust the system working state and equipment parameter setting and optimize the overall performance. Because the resources of phased array radar system are shared, and the requirements of resources are different in different working states and tasks, it is impossible to guarantee its tracking ability and advantage fundamentally without reasonable overall allocation. Based on the current research results and background, this paper focuses on the multi-beam resource management and optimization method of phased array radar in multi-target tracking state. The main work is as follows: 1. In this paper, the method of resource management in phased array tracking mode with multi-target and multi-beam is studied, that is, how to allocate radar beam and how to schedule reasonably between search and tracking. Focus on multi-target tracking and resource management under multi-beam architecture. In multi-target scenarios, the threat degree evaluation of each target greatly affects the allocation of tracking targets. Accurate and fast threat assessment can make better use of limited radar resources. In this paper, the fuzzy optimal selection theory is combined with the analytic hierarchy process to determine the target threat degree by using expert knowledge and target prior knowledge, and a target threat degree criterion based on fuzzy optimization is studied. It is proved by simulation that it can provide real time and accurate threat determination for multiple targets, make full use of expert knowledge and follow and simulate human's thinking consciousness. This paper studies a resource management algorithm based on information theory and covariance fusion. It combines the advantages of two algorithms based on information theory and covariance control, and considers the independent expected tracking accuracy of each target. The information increment brought about by maneuverability is also utilized. Considering the case of independent multi-beam control in practical phased array application, the radar resource management under multi-target tracking and multi-beam joint control is realized, which makes the radar resource management more suitable for multi-target scenarios, and the target capacity is further increased by .2. From the point of view of radar transmission parameter optimization, the optimization of power allocation for each beam in independent multi-beam mode is focused on, and the Bayesian Clamero lower bound of tracking error is taken as the cost function. An optimal allocation method for finite power resources is studied. In addition, a time-power joint allocation method is proposed for the existing multi-beam resource management problem of phased array radar, that is, joint scheduling and task allocation of multi-beam. The simulation results show that the optimal power allocation method is effective in tracking performance improvement, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the joint allocation method are verified, and compared with the traditional time-power average allocation method in detail.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN958.92

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