GNSS高精度定位接收技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 11:26

本文选题：全球导航卫星系统 + 高精度定位　；参考：《浙江大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：移动互联网中的移动互联位置服务(LBS)以及物联网的发展都需要高精度定位技术的支持。本文旨在研究可靠、稳定的高精度定位卫星信号接收技术。矢量跟踪方案作为一种先进的导航信号接收技术,是近年来导航领域的研究热点。它融合所有通道信息完成用户解算并统一跟踪所有卫星信号,是一种比传统算法更加紧凑的接收算法,能全面提高跟踪的精度和鲁棒性。不过矢量跟踪的主要缺陷是伪码鉴相输出野值或者解算错误的影响会扩散至所有通道,破坏整个系统的跟踪。二进制偏移载波(BOC)调制信号接收技术是近年来高精度定位技术的另一研究热点。BOC调制信号具有分裂频谱和窄相关峰的特性,不仅能提高伪码测距精度,而且可以兼容传统的卫星信号,因此正被广泛用于下一代的卫星信号中。它的主要缺陷是其自相关函数具有多峰性,使用传统的环路跟踪方法会引起跟踪锁定在错误的副峰位置上,从而对伪距测量结果引入固定偏差。这一误差不能在解算中消除,导致定位结果偏移。基于以上技术研究背景,本文的研究工作主要有以下几个方面： (1).从GNSS卫星信号的接收模型出发,介绍了一个传统的卫星信号接收机的各组成部分以及工作原理；然后在介绍线性卡尔曼滤波器以及非线性卡尔曼滤波器的建立过程和滤波算法的基础上,以用户解算为例子分析说明卡尔曼滤波器的工作过程。 (2).对矢量跟踪技术进行了详细的理论分析,重点研究了矢量跟踪技术中导航滤波器的设计与工作原理；基于矢量环辅助标量环的思想,提出了一种改进的矢量跟踪算法；该算法在传统矢量跟踪环路的基础上,给每个跟踪通道增加一个卡尔曼滤波器,同时利用解算结果和当前通道测量信息估计更新环路,结合了矢量环和标量环两者的优势；通过仿真,分析比较了传统算法和改进算法的跟踪性能。 (3).从二进制偏移载波调制信号调制原理出发,推导了其自相关函数以及功率谱密度函数的数学表达式；提出了运用矢量跟踪技术对BOC信号进行跟踪的创新思路和方法,并通过仿真验证了其可行性。 (4).提出了一种基于类接收机自主完整性监测(RAIM)的矢量跟踪算法,仿真结果表明该算法不仅能解决BOC信号的潜在跟踪模糊度问题,而且能提高信号的跟踪精度和鲁棒性。
[Abstract]:The development of LBS and the Internet of things need the support of high precision positioning technology. The purpose of this paper is to study the reliable and stable satellite signal receiving technology with high accuracy. As an advanced navigation signal receiving technology, vector tracking scheme is a hot topic in navigation field in recent years. It integrates all channel information to complete the user solution and tracks all satellite signals uniformly. It is a more compact receiving algorithm than the traditional algorithm and can improve the tracking accuracy and robustness. However, the main defect of vector tracking is that the outliers of pseudo-code discriminator or the error of the solution will spread to all channels and destroy the tracking of the whole system. Binary offset carrier carrier (BOC) modulation signal receiving technology is another research hotspot of high precision localization technology in recent years. BOC modulation signal has the characteristics of splitting spectrum and narrow correlation peak, which can not only improve the precision of pseudo code ranging. And compatible with traditional satellite signals, it is being widely used in the next generation of satellite signals. Its main defect is that its autocorrelation function has multi-peak property. Using the traditional loop tracking method will cause tracking to lock in the wrong sub-peak position, thus introducing a fixed deviation to the pseudo-range measurement results. This error can not be eliminated in the solution, resulting in the migration of the positioning results. Based on the above technical research background, the research work of this paper mainly includes the following aspects: There is no such thing as a bird. Based on the receiving model of GNSS satellite signal, this paper introduces the components and working principle of a traditional satellite signal receiver. Then, based on the introduction of linear Kalman filter, nonlinear Kalman filter and filtering algorithm, the working process of Kalman filter is analyzed with user solution as an example. There are two pieces of water. Based on the idea of vector loop auxiliary scalar loop, an improved vector tracking algorithm is proposed. Based on the traditional vector tracking loop, an Kalman filter is added to each tracking channel, and the update loop is estimated by using the solution results and the current channel measurement information, which combines the advantages of vector loop and scalar loop. By simulation, the tracking performance of the traditional algorithm and the improved algorithm are analyzed and compared. 3. Based on the modulation principle of binary offset carrier modulation signal, the mathematical expressions of autocorrelation function and power spectral density function are derived, and the innovative idea and method of using vector tracking technology to track BOC signal are put forward. The feasibility is verified by simulation. 4. A vector tracking algorithm based on autonomous integrity monitoring (Ram) is proposed. Simulation results show that the algorithm can not only solve the potential ambiguity problem of BOC signal, but also improve the tracking accuracy and robustness of the signal.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN96.1

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