基于基片集成波导技术Ka波段圆极化天线设计

发布时间：2018-04-26 04:31

本文选题：基片集成波导 + 缝隙耦合　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着电磁学理论的不断发展,在实际工程应用中对各种有源无源微波器件的电性能、物理性能的要求越来越严格。微波领域内的应用正向着小型化、轻量化、高集成化发展。在频率较高的Ka波段,传统的矩形波导结构体积大、加工复杂、生产周期长、生产成本高,而微带传输线则具有损耗较大、功率容量小等缺点,这些都限制了天线及其馈电系统在Ka波段批量化、小型化及高集成化的发展。借助于21世纪初新兴的基片集成波导技术,上述传统传输线的缺点得以改善。基片集成波导结构具有微带传输线的低剖面、小体积、易于加工的优点,又具备波导结构的低损耗、高功率容量等优势,这使得基片集成波导结构可以被有效地组装集成于基片片载系统中,为天线及馈电系统向轻量化、高集成化发展提供了一个可行的解决方案。本文主要研究了基于基片集成波导技术的Ka波段圆极化天线,研究成果简要概括如下:首先研究了一种低剖面、小型化、易于集成的圆极化天线,天线由两层介质组成,下层介质基片分布有基片集成波导结构的馈电系统,上层介质表面分布有一个矩形辐射贴片,通过正交H缝隙耦合的方式实现圆极化波的辐射。天线的高度为1.7mm,轴比带宽为28.4-29GHz,增益为8.55dBic。其次,采用了在两层介质中间增加空气层的方法展宽轴比带宽。仿真结果证明增加空气层的方法可以有效展宽天线的轴比带宽,改进后的天线高度为2.56mm,轴比带宽为26.5-28.9GHz,增益为8.42dBic。最后,基于该天线单元设计了一个四元天线阵列,为提高天线阵列的轴比带宽、抑制交叉极化,采用天线单元顺序旋转馈电方式,各天线单元馈电端选取90度相位差进行相位补偿,最终天线阵列的轴比带宽为25.5-30GHz,增益为13.33dBic。
[Abstract]:With the development of electromagnetic theory, the requirements for the electrical and physical properties of various active passive microwave devices are becoming more and more stringent in practical engineering applications. Microwave applications are developing towards miniaturization, lightweight and high integration. In Ka band with high frequency, the traditional rectangular waveguide has many disadvantages, such as large volume, complicated processing, long production period and high production cost, while the microstrip transmission line has the disadvantages of large loss and low power capacity. These limit the development of antenna and feed system in Ka band batch, miniaturization and high integration. With the help of the new substrate integrated waveguide technology in the early 21st century, the shortcomings of these traditional transmission lines can be improved. The substrate integrated waveguide structure has the advantages of low profile of microstrip transmission line, small volume, easy processing, low loss of waveguide structure, high power capacity and so on. This enables the substrate integrated waveguide structure to be effectively assembled and integrated into the on-chip system, which provides a feasible solution for the development of the antenna and feed system towards lightweight and high integration. In this paper, we mainly study the Ka-band circular polarization antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide technology. The research results are summarized as follows: firstly, a low profile, miniaturized and easily integrated circular polarization antenna is studied. The antenna is composed of two layers of dielectric. The lower dielectric substrate is distributed with a feed system with a substrate integrated waveguide structure, and a rectangular radiation patch is distributed on the upper dielectric surface. The circular polarization wave radiation is realized by means of orthogonal H slot coupling. The height of the antenna is 1.7 mm, the axial ratio bandwidth is 28.4-29 GHz, and the gain is 8.55 dBic. Secondly, the method of increasing the air layer between the two layers is adopted to widen the axial ratio bandwidth. The simulation results show that the method of increasing the air layer can effectively widen the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna. The improved antenna height is 2.56 mm, the axial ratio bandwidth is 26.5-28.9 GHz, and the gain is 8.42 dBic. Finally, a quaternion antenna array is designed based on the antenna element. In order to increase the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna array and suppress cross-polarization, the antenna unit is rotated sequentially. At the feed end of each antenna unit, the phase difference of 90 degrees is selected to compensate the phase. The axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna array is 25.5-30GHz and the gain is 13.33dBic.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN821.1

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