无线传感器网络中面向服务的节点调度策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 06:23

本文选题：无线传感器网络 + 面向服务　；参考：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络是一种新型的信息感知和处理技术,具有广泛的应用前景,改变了人类与物理世界交互的方式。随着服务需求的不断出现和日益增长,服务计算已逐渐成为无线传感器网络技术发展的重要趋势。如何充分利用简约的无线传感器网络来提供多样性服务,已受到国内外研究学者的广泛关注。部署在监测区域内的大量微型传感器节点是无线传感器网络资源的载体,同时也是服务的提供者,并且遵循廉价和简单的设计原则,使其存在能量有限、感知精度低等不足。为了提高网络可靠性和保障监测质量,通常采用密集部署的方式,然而这将导致节点间的感知数据存在冗余和空间相关性,严重制约了网络性能。节点调度是一种优化网络性能的有效方法,它可以通过选取提供服务的节点子集来优化数据感知,并通过让冗余节点轮流进入睡眠状态来减少不必要的能量消耗。因此,研究高效的节点调度策略对提高网络提供服务的性能具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。感知质量和网络的能量效率是评价网络性能的两个重要指标,本文从这两个角度分别开展了节点调度策略的研究,主要工作如下：(1)研究了具有数据精度保证的节点选取问题,利用联合高斯模型分析了节点间感知数据的空间相关性,提出了采用整数非线性规划的方法来寻找小规模问题的最优解,并设计了两种启发式算法,可以有效地应对传感器节点感知精度低的不足。这两种启发式算法分别采用了依次为服务选取节点的策略,以及综合考虑了节点对所有服务的贡献程度来选取节点的策略。实验结果表明所提出的算法能以较少个数的节点提供给定数据精度的服务,具有较好的性能。(2)研究了能量有效的节点调度问题,提出了一种能量感知的集中式启发式调度机制,可以有效地提升节点的能量效率,继而优化网络提供服务的性能。该调度机制采用两阶段的节点调度方案构造策略,并通过定期重构来轮换提供服务的节点。同时,结合无线传感器网络自组织特性,设计了更符合实际应用环境的分布式调度机制。实验结果表明所设计的调度机制可以有效地为节点安排工作时序,且均衡了节点的能量分布,有效地提升了网络性能。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new information perception and processing technology, which has a wide application prospect and has changed the way that human beings interact with the physical world. With the development of service demand, service computing has become an important trend of wireless sensor network technology development. How to make full use of simple wireless sensor networks (WSN) to provide diverse services has received extensive attention from researchers at home and abroad. A large number of micro-sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area are the carriers of wireless sensor network resources and also the providers of services, and follow the cheap and simple design principles, which make them have the shortcomings of limited energy and low sensing accuracy. In order to improve network reliability and ensure monitoring quality, intensive deployment is usually used. However, this will lead to redundancy and spatial correlation of perceptual data between nodes, which seriously restricts network performance. Node scheduling is an effective method to optimize network performance. It can optimize data perception by selecting a subset of nodes that provide services and reduce unnecessary energy consumption by allowing redundant nodes to take turns into sleep. Therefore, the research of efficient node scheduling strategy has important theoretical significance and application value to improve the network service performance. Perception quality and network energy efficiency are two important indexes to evaluate the network performance. This paper studies the node scheduling strategy from these two angles. The main work is as follows: 1) the problem of node selection with data precision assurance is studied. Based on the joint Gao Si model, the spatial correlation of perceptual data between nodes is analyzed, and an integer nonlinear programming method is proposed to find the optimal solution of small scale problems. Two heuristic algorithms are designed. It can effectively deal with the lack of sensor node perception accuracy. The two heuristic algorithms adopt the strategy of selecting the nodes for the service in turn, and synthetically consider the contribution of the nodes to all the services to select the nodes. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can provide the service of given data precision with a small number of nodes, and has better performance. (2) the energy efficient node scheduling problem is studied, and a centralized heuristic scheduling mechanism based on energy perception is proposed. It can effectively improve the energy efficiency of nodes, and then optimize the network service performance. The scheduling mechanism uses a two-stage node scheduling scheme to construct a strategy, and rotates the service nodes through periodic refactoring. At the same time, combining with the characteristics of wireless sensor network self-organization, a distributed scheduling mechanism is designed, which is more suitable to the practical application environment. The experimental results show that the proposed scheduling mechanism can effectively schedule the work of the nodes, balance the energy distribution of the nodes, and improve the network performance effectively.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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