无线供电的无线传感器网络的研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 15:53

本文选题：射频识别 + 无线供电　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：针对目前电池供电的无线传感器网络节点能量受限和使用寿命不长的问题，本文基于电磁耦合谐振理论，设计了一种双天线结构的无线传感器网络节点。其中采用射频识别技术实现对无线传感器网络节点的电能供应，在2.4GHz频段上完成无线传感器网络节点之间以及和数据终端之间的无线通信。针对无线传感器网络节点工作的稳定性，数据精度以及是否能够成无线传感器网络拓扑结构等问题，搭建了相应的测试系统，本系统中以工作在标准的超高频段中的商业射频识别阅读器作为电磁波发射源，发射电磁波的频率为915MHz，可以为分布在直径为3米范围内的无线传感器节点供电，系统中无线通信模块采用nRF24L01芯片，用来实现短距离无线数据传输。选用低功耗的MSP430F149作为传感器节点的处理器，以DS18B20和光敏电阻分为作为温度和光强传感器完成对温度和光强信息的采集。实验结果表明，随着传感器节点功耗的增加，供电距离变短。实验中温度传感器节点和光强传感器节点的最大供电距离分别为2.8m和3.1m。在实验中传感器节点的响应时间最大为7s，与实验设备标准数据相比，精度偏差在5%以内。针对其拓扑结构的实验表明，，无线供电的传感器节点只能构成简单的星状网拓扑结构，由于传感器节点对电磁波的屏蔽效应而不能构成拓扑结构更加复杂的传感器网络。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the problem of limited energy and short service life of battery-powered wireless sensor network nodes based on electromagnetic coupling resonance theory a dual-antenna wireless sensor network node is designed in this paper. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is used to realize the power supply to wireless sensor network nodes, and wireless communication between wireless sensor network nodes and data terminals is completed in the 2.4GHz band. Aiming at the stability, data precision and topology of wireless sensor network, a corresponding testing system is built. In this system, the commercial RFID reader, which works in the standard UHF band, is used as the electromagnetic wave emission source. The frequency of the electromagnetic wave emission is 915MHz, which can supply power to the wireless sensor nodes distributed in the range of 3 meters in diameter. The wireless communication module uses nRF24L01 chip to realize short-range wireless data transmission. MSP430F149 with low power consumption is chosen as the processor of sensor node, and DS18B20 and photosensitive resistor are used as temperature and light intensity sensors to complete the collection of temperature and light intensity information. The experimental results show that the power supply distance becomes shorter with the increase of sensor node power consumption. The maximum power supply distance of temperature sensor node and light intensity sensor node is 2.8 m and 3.1 m respectively. In the experiment, the maximum response time of sensor nodes is 7 s, and the precision deviation is less than 5% compared with the standard data of the experimental equipment. Experiments on its topology show that the sensor nodes powered by wireless can only form a simple stellate network topology. Because of the shielding effect of the sensor nodes to the electromagnetic waves, the sensor networks with more complex topology can not be constructed.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

【引证文献】