面向紧急消息传播的VANET通信协议研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 05:51

  本文选题：智能交通系统 + 车辆自组织网络　； 参考：《福建师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代科技和经济的迅猛发展,日益增加的车辆给城市道路安全造成了巨大压力。由于道路安全的迫切需要,车载自组织网络(VANET)应运而生,目前VANET是智能交通系统(ITS)最具发展前景的重要研究领域之一。最近,德国电信联手中国移动投资车联网,车载自组织网的研究越来越受欢迎。VANET中的计算机仿真建模以及紧急消息传播领域,一直是研究的重要对象。因此,提高VANET车辆计算机仿真的真实性以及提出一个完善的紧急消息传播协议对VANET的发展研究以及指导实践有重要意义。趋于真实的车辆模型,才能真实验证协议的有效性和实用性。本文对VANET最流行的道路交通仿真软件SUMO进行改进开发,提出了考虑前后车辆运动状态以及车辆加减速度渐变过程的新跟驰模型,解决以往模型中加减速度突变,安全车速偏大等问题,同时兼顾交通效率和行车安全的模型,为后期协议仿真提供基础。同时,本文还提出适用多车道情况并自适应车辆密度,充分考虑车载自组织网络的特点,同时使用同向、反向节点传播消息的紧急消息传播协议,该协议优先选择合适的同向传播节点,快速传输紧急消息,减少转播跳数,降低时延和丢包率；当不存在同向节点时,对反向节点进行选举,选举出最优的转播节点,利用其传播,使紧急消息能够有效传播到目标区域。仿真表明,该协议表现了极高的自适应性,并降低了广播风暴发生几率和时延,反向传播时,消息转播的时延也能够达到紧急消息的传播要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern science and technology and economy, the increasing number of vehicles has brought great pressure to urban road safety. Due to the urgent need of road safety, the vehicle-borne ad hoc network (VANET) emerges as the times require. At present, VANET is one of the most promising research fields of Intelligent Transportation system (its). Recently, Deutsche Telekom has joined with China Mobile Investment vehicle to connect with each other. The research on vehicle-borne ad hoc networks is becoming more and more popular in the field of computer simulation modeling and emergency message transmission in .VANET, which is always an important research object. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the authenticity of VANET vehicle computer simulation and to propose a perfect emergency message communication protocol for the development of VANET. Only the real vehicle model can verify the validity and practicability of the protocol. In this paper, the road traffic simulation software SUMO, which is the most popular simulation software of VANET, is improved and developed, and a new car-following model considering the moving state of the vehicle before and after and the gradual change process of the vehicle speed increase and deceleration is proposed to solve the sudden change of the increment and deceleration speed in the previous models. The safety speed is too large and the model of traffic efficiency and traffic safety is taken into account so as to provide the foundation for the later protocol simulation. At the same time, this paper also proposes an emergency message communication protocol, which is suitable for multi-lane cases and adapts to vehicle density, fully considers the characteristics of vehicle-borne ad hoc networks, and uses codirectional and reverse nodes to spread messages. The protocol preferentially selects suitable codirectional propagation nodes, transmits emergency messages quickly, reduces the number of hops, reduces the delay and packet loss rate, elects the reverse node when there is no codirectional node, and elects the optimal relay node. With its dissemination, emergency messages can be effectively spread to the target area. Simulation results show that the protocol has high adaptability and reduces the probability and delay of broadcast storm. In the case of backpropagation, the delay of message transmission can also meet the requirements of emergency message transmission.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN915.04

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