量子雷达目标散射特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 10:35

本文选题：量子雷达 + 量子雷达散射截面　；参考：《国防科学技术大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：量子雷达是一种基于量子物理机理的新的目标探测技术,具有重要的研究价值与广阔的应用前景。本文针对量子雷达目标散射特性问题展开研究,主要内容包括:量子雷达目标探测机理与工作体制探索、量子雷达与目标相互作用机理研究、典型定标体量子雷达散射截面(Quantum Radar Cross Section,QRCS)研究等。本文工作可以为量子雷达信号设计与接收机设计、目标探测与识别以及量子隐身目标设计等研究工作提供参考。在绪论中,首先阐述量子雷达目标散射特性研究的背景与意义;其次,综述量子雷达技术及量子雷达目标散射特性国内外研究现状;最后,对论文主要研究内容及结构安排进行介绍。在量子雷达及其目标探测性能分析中,从量子雷达基本概念出发,介绍量子雷达目标探测机理与工作体制;基于量子照射雷达和干涉量子雷达两类典型的系统模型,分析比较量子雷达与传统雷达目标探测性能。研究表明,采用纠缠光子进行目标探测可以获得较大的回波信噪比及更好的目标探测性能。量子雷达目标探测机理与探测性能分析为后续量子雷达散射截面研究奠定了基础。在量子雷达与目标作用过程分析和描述中,首先推导量子雷达信号光子波函数;其次,基于量子电动力学理论建立量子雷达与目标相互作用数学分析模型;最后,从量子雷达散射截面基本定义出发,给出量子雷达距离方程,并分析QRCS对目标探测性能的影响情况。理论分析与数值仿真结果表明,某一方向QRCS值越大,相应的回波信噪比越大,目标检测性能越佳。在典型定标体QRCS特性研究中,首先推导修正的QRCS解析表达式;基于QRCS解析表达式,对球、平板、圆柱、角反射器等目标建模,通过仿真实验研究典型定标体QRCS随入射角度的分布情况,重点分析雷达作用距离、原子间距、目标尺寸、信号光子频率等因素对不同目标QRCS的影响。研究结果表明,QRCS与量子雷达作用距离无关;在原子间距远小于信号波长时,QRCS与原子间距无关;对于平板和圆柱目标,多光子入射相比于单光子入射,QRCS主瓣变窄、变高,旁瓣降低;与传统雷达散射截面(Radar Cross Section,RCS)比较结果表明,对于球、平板、圆柱目标,QRCS与RCS具有相似的变化规律,而对于角反射器,QRCS值随入射角度分布则更为均匀。最后对全文进行总结,并指出下一步研究方向。
[Abstract]:Quantum radar is a new target detection technology based on quantum physics, which has important research value and broad application prospect. In this paper, the scattering characteristics of quantum radar targets are studied. The main contents include: exploring the mechanism and working mechanism of quantum radar target detection, and studying the mechanism of interaction between quantum radar and target. Quantum Radar Cross Security (QRCSs), a typical scalar quantum radar cross section (QRCS), is studied. This work can be used as a reference for the design of quantum radar signal and receiver, target detection and recognition, and quantum stealth target design. In the introduction, the background and significance of the research on the scattering characteristics of quantum radar targets are first expounded. Secondly, the research status of quantum radar technology and the scattering characteristics of quantum radar targets at home and abroad are summarized. The main research content and structure arrangement are introduced. In the analysis of quantum radar and its target detection performance, starting from the basic concept of quantum radar, this paper introduces the mechanism and working system of quantum radar target detection, based on two typical system models of quantum irradiance radar and interference quantum radar. The target detection performance of quantum radar and traditional radar is analyzed and compared. The results show that entangled photons can obtain larger echo signal to noise ratio and better target detection performance. The mechanism and performance analysis of quantum radar target detection lay a foundation for the further study of quantum radar cross section (QRCS). In the process analysis and description of the interaction between quantum radar and target, the photon wave function of quantum radar signal is first deduced. Secondly, the mathematical model of interaction between quantum radar and target is established based on quantum electrodynamics theory. Finally, Based on the basic definition of quantum radar cross section, the quantum radar range equation is given, and the influence of QRCS on target detection performance is analyzed. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results show that the larger the QRCS value in a certain direction, the greater the signal-to-noise ratio of echo, and the better the target detection performance. In the study of the QRCS properties of typical scalar bodies, the modified QRCS analytical expressions are derived firstly, and based on the QRCS analytic expressions, the objects such as sphere, plate, cylinder, angle reflector are modeled. The distribution of typical calibrator QRCS with incidence angle is studied by simulation experiments. The effects of radar action range, atomic distance, target size and signal photon frequency on the QRCS of different targets are analyzed. The results show that QRCS has nothing to do with the range of quantum radar, the QRCS is independent of the atomic distance when the atomic distance is much smaller than the wavelength of the signal, and for flat and cylindrical targets, the main lobe of the QRCS is narrower and higher than that of the single-photon incident QRCS. Compared with the conventional Radar Cross SectionCs, the results show that the cylindrical target QRCS is similar to that of RCS for sphere and plate, while for angular reflector, the distribution of QRCS with incident angle is more uniform. Finally, the paper summarizes the full text and points out the next research direction.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN958

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