船用连续波导航雷达信号处理算法研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-16 17:18

  本文选题：船用连续波雷达 + 数字信号处理　； 参考：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：船用连续波导航雷达可安装在各类船舶上(游艇,渔船,货船、巡逻艇,海警船等),探测船舶载体周围的各类物体:如船只、浮标、桥墩、堤岸、浮冰、海岛、冰山、海岸线等,给船员提供直观的目标距离与方位信息,根据需要发出告警信息,以规避各类危险障碍物,防止碰撞事故,保证船舶安全航行。本课题便是基于连续波体制设计的一款导航雷达的信号处理系统。该系统可以实现雨雪杂波抑制、同频干扰抑制等功能。我国在船用导航雷达技术方面明显落后于国外,但是迅速发展的市场又迫切需求国内能有适用于中小型民用船舶的导航雷达产品,需要具有体积小、重量轻、辐射小、可靠性高、成本低和分辨力高等特点的船用导航雷达。本文设计实现了船用连续波导航雷达的信号处理系统,采用宽带调频连续波体制,以提高距离分辨率,减小距离盲区,降低雷达辐射功率,以及整个雷达的功耗。采用收发分置天线,提高发射与接收信号隔离度,降低接收噪声系数。随机跳频,抑制多部雷达的同频干扰。本文首先详细讨论了连续波导航雷达工作原理和主要特点,包括锯齿型频率调制和三角形频率调制。该雷达具有无距离盲区、距离分辨率高、辐射低、安全性高和操作及时性高的特点。接着简述了整机的组成框图和工作原理,包括连续波导航雷达参数设置功能、显示设置功能和海图AIS目标显示功能,核算了作用距离、距离测试误差等指标。重点介绍了信号处理系统软件的主要功能和流程,详细阐述了同频干扰抑制算法,并设计实现了新型的恒虚警检测算法,提高了海上和内河等复杂场景下的目标检测概率,有效地抑制了同频干扰。最终,从雷达的功能、性能和稳定性等方面对设计的信号处理系统进行了测试,得到了良好的结果,完全达到了设计要求。
[Abstract]:Ship continuous wave navigation radar can be installed on all kinds of ships (yachts, fishing boats, freighters, patrol boats, marine police vessels, etc.) to detect all kinds of objects around the carrier: vessels, buoys, piers, levees, ice floats, islands, icebergs, etc. The coastline provides the crew with visual information of target distance and azimuth, and sends out warning information according to the need, in order to avoid all kinds of dangerous obstacles, prevent collision accidents, and ensure the safe navigation of ships. This subject is based on continuous wave system design of a navigation radar signal processing system. The system can achieve the functions of rain and snow clutter suppression, same frequency interference suppression and so on. Our country obviously lags behind foreign countries in navigation radar technology, but the rapidly developing market is in urgent need of domestic navigation radar products suitable for small and medium-sized civil ships, which need small volume, light weight and small radiation. Marine navigation radar with high reliability, low cost and high resolution. In this paper, the signal processing system of marine continuous wave navigation radar is designed and implemented, which adopts broadband FM continuous wave system to improve the range resolution, reduce the range blind area, reduce the radar radiation power and the power consumption of the whole radar. The receiver and receiver antenna is used to improve the isolation of transmitting and receiving signals and to reduce the received noise coefficient. Random frequency hopping (FH) is used to suppress the same frequency interference of multiple radars. In this paper, the principle and main features of continuous wave navigation radar are discussed in detail, including sawtooth frequency modulation and triangular frequency modulation. The radar has the characteristics of no range blind area, high range resolution, low radiation, high safety and high operational timeliness. Then, the composition block diagram and working principle of the whole machine are introduced, including the function of setting the parameters of the continuous wave navigation radar, the function of display setting and the function of displaying the AIS target of the chart, and the calculation of the operating distance, the error of the distance test and so on. The main function and flow of the signal processing system software are introduced in detail. The same frequency interference suppression algorithm is described in detail, and a new CFAR detection algorithm is designed and implemented, which improves the target detection probability in complex scenes such as sea and inland river. The same frequency interference is effectively suppressed. Finally, the designed signal processing system is tested from the aspects of radar function, performance and stability, and good results are obtained, which fully meet the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.51
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本文编号：1897733