计及节点运动的水下传感器网络高效MAC协议研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 04:30

本文选题：水下无线传感器网络 + 时隙　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人类对海洋探索的不断深入,水下无线传感器网络因其在海洋学数据收集、环境监测、资源勘探、军事战略观察等方面的广泛应用,成为一个新的研究热点。但由于水下通信环境的特殊性,传输使用声波作为载体,而水声信道具有传输时延大、可用带宽窄以及水中环境的动态性等特点,使得传统的应用于陆地无线传感器网络的通信协议不能直接用于水下网络。本文对水下无线传感器网络MAC协议进行了研究,介绍了水下无线传感器网络的网络特性和网络架构,以及分析了水下MAC协议设计需要解决的关键问题,如隐藏终端和时空不确定性等问题。此外,阐述了现有的典型水下无线传感器网络MAC协议,并对比分析了这些协议的性能特点,如R-MAC、Slotted FAMA、ALOHA、T-MAC等协议。针对动态的通信环境对水下无线传感器网络的影响,本文分析了水下传感器节点的运动特性和运动预测算法,并在此基础上提出了一种基于可变长时隙机制的水下传感器网络MAC协议:VS FAMA。该协议采用信道预约机制来进行冲突避免,应用运动预测算法与定位相结合的方式获取节点位置信息,并作为时隙长度的依据,自适应地调整时隙长度,降低了网络平均时延,提高时隙资源利用率。最后,通过仿真实验,验证了新协议在网络吞吐量性能的突出表现。
[Abstract]:With the development of ocean exploration, underwater wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become a new research hotspot due to their wide applications in oceanographic data collection, environmental monitoring, resource exploration, military strategic observation and so on. However, due to the particularity of underwater communication environment, acoustic wave is used as carrier for transmission, and underwater acoustic channel has the characteristics of long transmission delay, narrow band available and dynamic environment in water. Traditional communication protocols used in terrestrial wireless sensor networks can not be directly used in underwater networks. This paper studies the MAC protocol of underwater wireless sensor networks, introduces the network characteristics and network architecture of underwater wireless sensor networks, and analyzes the key problems to be solved in the design of underwater MAC protocols. Such as hidden terminal and time-space uncertainty and so on. In addition, the existing typical MAC protocols in underwater wireless sensor networks are described, and their performance characteristics are compared and analyzed, such as R-MAC Sloted FAMAMA-MAC and so on. Aiming at the influence of dynamic communication environment on underwater wireless sensor networks, this paper analyzes the motion characteristics and motion prediction algorithm of underwater sensor nodes. On this basis, a novel MAC protocol: vs FAMAA is proposed for underwater sensor networks based on variable long time slot mechanism. The protocol adopts channel reservation mechanism to avoid collision, and combines motion prediction algorithm with location to obtain node location information. As the basis of slot length, the protocol adaptively adjusts the slot length to reduce the average delay of the network. Improve the utilization of time slot resources. Finally, the performance of the new protocol in network throughput is verified by simulation experiments.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.3

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