面向物联网的农田数据传输中间件的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-05-30 18:49

本文选题：农业物联网 + 中间件　；参考：《东华大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：物联网技术和农业信息化息息相关,为实现现代农业集约高产、智能管控、预测分析等提供了坚实的基础。本论文面向物联网,针对农业现场数据传输的特点,研究设计了农田数据传输中间件,具有良好的农业数据传输应用价值和广泛的应用领域。本论文依托上海市某农业公司的中间件项目,通过采集上海崇明某实验农场的农业环境信息和农作物生长信息数据作为数据源,研究建立了针对农业数据的传输中间件模型,对于模型的每层结构做了具体的研究,最后进行系统实现并展示了实时多源异构数据的接收和人机交互界面。本文主要实现了以下几个方面：设计了面向物联网的农田数据传输中间件模型,实现了屏蔽底层不同硬件,通信接口,数据格式,通讯协议等功能,为应用层提供了统一的农业数据展示和查询功能,同时提高了农业数据传输的效率,降低了传输的误码率。中间件模型包括智能网关层,数据处理层和传输管理层。智能网关层包括通信及协议接口,统一协议转换,接口驱动；数据处理层包括数据压缩,传输差错控制,数据类型处理,规则引擎；传输管理层包括通信服务接口,数据分类及发送,通信协议转换,通信接口。仿真验证了数据处理层的数据压缩和差错控制技术,分别应用哈弗曼编码和卷积码理论,使传输的误码率下降到原来的20%,同时传输速率上升了7%。定义了中间件的统一传输数据格式和传输协议格式。实际应用于中间件系统后表明可以正确采集接收农业多源异构采集设备的数据并实时显示。同时引入传输效率评价函数,为中间件实际应用效果提供评价标准。结果表明传输效果和评价函数结果基本一致,证明加入中间件的传输系统的传输效率比传统农业传输方式有明显提高。实现了中间件的人机交互界面,包括实时数据显示和以天为单位的农业数据曲线图展示。采集到的数据和真实数据一致并且经过曲线图表的展示使数据更通俗易懂,能够形象的展示如大气温度湿度,土壤温度湿度以及二氧化碳含量等信息在一天中的变化情况。为应用层之后的数据挖掘,统计分析和预测提供了良好的基础。最后,对全文进行了总结和展望。
[Abstract]:Internet of things technology is closely related to agricultural informatization, which provides a solid foundation for realizing intensive agricultural production, intelligent management and control, prediction and analysis. This paper is oriented to the Internet of things, according to the characteristics of agricultural field data transmission, research and design of farmland data transmission middleware, has good application value of agricultural data transmission and wide application fields. Based on the middleware project of an agricultural company in Shanghai, this paper studies and establishes a middleware model for agricultural data transmission by collecting agricultural environment information and crop growth information data from an experimental farm in Chongming, Shanghai. The structure of each layer of the model is studied in detail. Finally, the system is implemented and the real-time multi-source heterogeneous data receiving and human-computer interface are demonstrated. This paper mainly implements the following aspects: This paper designs a middleware model of farmland data transmission oriented to Internet of things, realizes the functions of shielding different hardware, communication interface, data format, communication protocol and so on, and provides unified agricultural data display and query function for application layer. At the same time, the efficiency of agricultural data transmission is improved, and the bit error rate is reduced. The middleware model includes intelligent gateway layer, data processing layer and transport management layer. The intelligent gateway layer includes communication and protocol interface, uniform protocol conversion, interface driver; data processing layer includes data compression, transmission error control, data type processing, rule engine; transport management layer includes communication service interface. Data classification and transmission, communication protocol conversion, communication interface. The simulation verifies the data compression and error control techniques in the data processing layer. By applying the theory of Haverman coding and convolutional code, the BER of transmission is reduced to 20%, and the transmission rate is increased by 7%. The uniform data format and transport protocol format of middleware are defined. The practical application in the middleware system shows that the data of agricultural multi-source heterogeneous acquisition equipment can be correctly collected and displayed in real time. At the same time, the transmission efficiency evaluation function is introduced to provide the evaluation criteria for the practical application of middleware. The results show that the transmission effect is basically consistent with the evaluation function, and the transmission efficiency of the transmission system with middleware is obviously higher than that of the traditional agricultural transmission mode. The man-machine interface of middleware is realized, including real-time data display and agricultural data graph display. The collected data are consistent with the real data and are shown in curves and charts to make the data easier to understand and can vividly show the changes of information such as atmospheric temperature humidity soil temperature humidity and carbon dioxide content over the course of the day. It provides a good foundation for data mining, statistical analysis and prediction after application layer. Finally, the full text is summarized and prospected.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP391.44

【参考文献】