小型化无线MESH路由器研究及实现

发布时间：2018-06-11 13:11

本文选题：无线MESH网络 + 无线MESH路由器　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线MESH网络(Wireless MESH Network,WMN)是一种多跳无线网状拓扑网络,可以采取多跳接入方式保障节点之间的通信,网络中没有固定的AP接入点,其中每个节点都具有路由功能,都可以通过收发信号实现其与一个或多个对等节点之间的直接通信。WMN具有网络结构灵活、网络高健壮性、易于安装部署、高带宽等优点,在世界范围内掀起了应用热潮,随之而来的是WMN平台需求的日益增强,在这样的大背景下,对WMN架构及其组网过程中的关键设备——无线MESH路由器的研究就具有十分重要的意义,而无线MESH路由器作为一个嵌入式系统,应由硬件平台和相适配的嵌入式操作系统组成。本文为了紧随科技潮流,对已有的WMN架构及其组网中的关键设备实现新的突破,不仅定义了一种新型WMN架构,还设计了一款适用于该网络的嵌入式小型化路由设备——无线MESH路由器,其不仅成本低、体积小、方便携带,还具有高容量、高速率等性能优点,有效解决了传统设备性能、成本和便携性的冲突问题,实现了性能、成本和便携性的多赢。主要研究内容如下:第一、介绍了WMN的基本概念和各种场景对其的需求,分析了传统设备的不足,论证了对WMN架构及其组网过程中的关键设备进行研究的必要性;第二、针对WMN进行了功能分析和相应的网络方案设计,定义了一种新型实用的适用性广的WMN架构,并基于该网络方案搭建了具体网络,还对其中的关键节点——MESH路由器进行了软硬件需求分析;第三、以小型化、低成本、高性能为宗旨,重点设计实现了一款基于AR9331的小型化无线MESH路由器的硬件平台,并对该硬件平台进行了详细说明,包括关键芯片的选择、原理图的设计、PCB的绘制、配套外壳的设计及附件的选配;第四、详细介绍了该嵌入式系统中基于Linux的嵌入式操作系统OpenWrt即硬件设备上的软件部分,包括OpenWrt的组成、移植等等,并详细描述了相关配置过程,通过正确的配置这款路由器才能具有作为MESH节点接入WMN和使非MESH客户端接入WMN的功能,才能搭建基于文中新定义的网络架构的WMN;第五、搭建测试环境对这款MESH路由器进行单体性能测试和多体组网后性能测试,测试结果表明在新定义的WMN架构下该套低成本、小型化软硬件体系实现了预期要求的功能,并且性能优良,也证实了该款MESH路由器达到了性能、成本和便携性的完美融合。未来仍需要对嵌入式小型化无线MESH路由器进行改进,例如与智能家居进行融合,从而获得更广阔的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Wireless mesh Network WMN (Wireless mesh Network) is a multi-hop wireless mesh network, which can use multi-hop access to ensure communication between nodes. There are no fixed AP access points in the network, and each node has routing function. WMN has the advantages of flexible network structure, high robustness, easy installation and deployment, high bandwidth and so on. With the increasing demand of WMN platform, the research on WMN architecture and wireless mesh router is of great significance. As an embedded system, wireless mesh router should consist of hardware platform and adaptive embedded operating system. In order to catch up with the trend of science and technology, this paper not only defines a new type of WMN architecture, but also makes a new breakthrough on the existing WMN architecture and the key equipment in its networking. A kind of embedded miniaturized routing device, wireless mesh router, is also designed for the network. It not only has the advantages of low cost, small volume, convenient carrying, but also has the advantages of high capacity and high speed, which effectively solves the performance of traditional equipment. The conflict between cost and portability achieves multiple wins for performance, cost and portability. The main research contents are as follows: first, the basic concepts of WMN and the requirements of various scenarios are introduced, the shortcomings of traditional equipment are analyzed, and the necessity of research on WMN architecture and key equipment in the process of networking is demonstrated. The function analysis and corresponding network scheme design of WMN are carried out. A new and practical WMN architecture with wide applicability is defined, and a concrete network is built based on the network scheme. The software and hardware requirements of mesh router are also analyzed. Thirdly, aiming at miniaturization, low cost and high performance, the hardware platform of a miniaturized wireless mesh router based on AR9331 is designed and implemented. The hardware platform is described in detail, including the selection of the key chip, the drawing of the schematic design, the design of the supporting shell and the selection of the accessories. In this paper, the embedded operating system OpenWrt based on Linux is introduced in detail, which is the software part of hardware device, including the composition of OpenWrt, transplantation and so on, and the related configuration process is described in detail. By configuring this router correctly, we can access WMN as mesh node and WMN as non-mesh client, and build WMN based on the newly defined network architecture. The test environment is set up to test the performance of the mesh router by single unit and after multi-body networking. The test results show that the low-cost, miniaturized hardware and software system achieves the desired function under the newly defined WMN architecture. And excellent performance, but also confirmed that the mesh router to achieve performance, cost and portability of the perfect integration. In the future, we still need to improve the embedded miniaturized wireless mesh router, such as fusion with smart home, so as to obtain a wider application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN915.05

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