机载MIMO雷达运动目标检测和跟踪方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 04:50

本文选题：机载多发多收雷达 + 空慢时间编码信号　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：机载多发多收(MIMO)雷达可提高雷达抗截获能力,增强低速目标检测性能。合理设计正交信号是MIMO雷达研究中的基础性问题,高性能正交信号的MIMO雷达能够解决传统雷达在慢速目标检测中的难题,减少盲速,提高杂波抑制等性能。另一方面,检测前跟踪算法(TBD)可以充分利用雷达测量数据,实现低信噪比下弱小目标的跟踪检测。基于动态规划的检测前跟踪算法(DP-TBD)将整个跟踪过程转变为一个多阶段决策优化问题,为弱小目标跟踪检测提供了新的途径。将机载MIMO雷达接收的回波数据通过DP-TBD算法处理有望取得良好的检测跟踪性能。针对具有良好相关性能的空慢时间编码(DDMA)信号存在多普勒模糊和目标盲速的问题,本文提出了参差多普勒频率偏移的选择方法,从而使得同一个多普勒通道对应的各个发射通道的杂波重叠尽可能的少,以此解决了盲速问题;为了有效地降低DP-TBD算法的运算量以及正确的关联目标航迹,本文提出了一种基于“速度关联”的改进DP-TBD算法。通过各帧间的关联速度信息,减少了搜索窗口范围并且更好的关联了目标航迹。具体论文内容如下:1.从信号相关性和杂波相消角度研究了各种正交信号的性能。首先建立了机载MIMO雷达广义信号模型;然后在此模型下研究了机载MIMO雷达的广义信噪比;最后通过仿真分析了机载MIMO雷达的杂波特性。2.针对DDMA信号存在多普勒模糊和目标盲速的问题,提出了参差多普勒频率偏移的选择方法。首先,研究了机载MIMO雷达降维处理过程中的两种等价模式;然后仿真分析比较了机载MIMO雷达与SIMO雷达杂波抑制性能;最后,选择最优参差多普勒频率偏移来优化DDMA信号,通过仿真分析了优化后的DDMA波形能够提高最小可检测速度性能,并且改善杂波抑制的性能。3.针对传统DP-TBD算法运算量过大以及存在错误关联目标航迹的问题,提出了一种基于“速度关联”的改进DP-TBD算法。首先研究了DP-TBD算法的基本原理;然后给出了本文“速度关联”的概念,并且分析了其降低运算量和更好地关联目标航迹的原理;最后通过仿真验证了改进方法对解决上述问题的有效性。
[Abstract]:Airborne multiple acquisition (MIMO) radar can improve radar interception capability and enhance the detection performance of low speed targets. The rational design of orthogonal signals is the basic problem in the research of MIMO radar. The MIMO radar with high performance orthogonal signals can solve the difficult problems of traditional radar in slow target detection, reduce blind speed, and improve the performance of clutter suppression. Surface, pre detection tracking algorithm (TBD) can make full use of radar measurement data to achieve tracking and detection of weak and small targets under low signal to noise ratio. The whole tracking process based on dynamic programming (DP-TBD) transforms the whole tracking process into a multi-stage decision optimization problem, which provides a new way for small target tracking detection. The airborne MIMO radar is used. The received echo data is expected to achieve good detection and tracking performance by the DP-TBD algorithm. Aiming at the problem of Doppler blur and target blind speed in the space slow time coding (DDMA) signal with good correlation performance, this paper proposes a selective square method of the mixed Doppler frequency offset, thus making the same Doppler channel corresponding. The clutter overlap of each transmission channel is as small as possible to solve the blind speed problem. In order to effectively reduce the computation of the DP-TBD algorithm and the correct associated target track, this paper proposes an improved DP-TBD algorithm based on "speed Association". Through the correlation speed information between each frame, the search window range is reduced and better. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. the performance of all kinds of orthogonal signals is studied from the angle of signal correlation and clutter cancellation. First, the generalized signal model of airborne MIMO radar is established, and the generalized signal-to-noise ratio of airborne MIMO radar is studied under this model. At last, the hybrid Potter of airborne radar is analyzed by simulation. In view of the problem of Doppler blur and target blind speed of DDMA signal, the choice method of.2. frequency offset is proposed. First, two equivalent modes in the process of airborne MIMO radar reduction are studied. Then simulation and analysis are made to compare the performance of the airborne MIMO radar and SIMO clutter suppression; finally, select the best multi difference. The prller frequency offset is used to optimize the DDMA signal. The simulation analysis shows that the optimized DDMA waveform can improve the minimum detectable speed performance, and improves the performance of the clutter suppression. A modified DP-TBD algorithm based on the "speed correlation" is proposed for the problem of the excessive computation of the traditional DP-TBD algorithm and the problem of the error associated target track. First, the basic principle of DP-TBD algorithm is studied. Then the concept of "velocity Association" is given, and the principle of reducing the amount of operation and the better association of target track is analyzed. Finally, the effectiveness of the improved method to solve the above problems is verified by simulation.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.51

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