基于蝶形结构的局放特高频微带天线设计

发布时间：2018-06-19 12:47

本文选题：局部放电 + GIS　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：局部放电是引起电力设备产生故障的主要原因之一,局部放电加速了绝缘材料的老化,严重影响电力系统的正常运行。针对不同GIS结构局部放电产生电磁波的频谱分布特征,设计了三个不同工作频率段的特高频天线,用于检测局部放电电磁波信号的泄漏。采用系统仿真软件建立模型仿真,并根据仿真模型的结构尺寸制作实物,最后实际测试天线的基本性能,结果表明:设计的天线满足局部放电检测天线的参数指标。论文主要包含的内容如下:1.介绍局部放电的产生机理和研究背景,阐述现阶段检测局部放电所用的方法及检测天线的发展趋势。针对特高频天线在局部放电检测中的应用,结合实际中GIS结构,建立相应的等效模型,利用电磁仿真软件Ansoft HFSS,得到局部放电电磁波信号在不同尺寸缝隙泄漏处的电场辐射分布特征。2.针对GIS波导中缝隙泄漏局部放电信号的辐射频谱的分布特征,基于蝶形天线的结构及基本性能参数的分析,设计了特高频宽频带蝶形微带天线,通过进一步缩小尺寸得到半圆形天线,最后利用开槽的结构形式及阻抗转换达到天线的小型化和超宽带要求。通过仿真优化使得三个天线的工作频段均与局部放电特高频信号分布频段一致,仿真结果表明天线的基本参数满足局部放电检测的要求。3.使用矢量网络分析仪对所制作的蝶形天线、半圆形天线、开槽天线的基本参数进行测量,测量参数包括有回波损耗、驻波比、特征阻抗圆图,实际测量结果与仿真结果一致,这三个天线在其工作频段内阻抗匹配,增益高,频率覆盖范围广,满足局部放电检测天线的设计要求。
[Abstract]:Partial discharge (PD) is one of the main causes of power equipment failure. Partial discharge accelerates the aging of insulating materials and seriously affects the normal operation of power system. Aiming at the spectrum distribution characteristics of electromagnetic wave generated by partial discharge in different GIS structures, three UHF antennas with different operating frequencies are designed to detect the leakage of partial discharge electromagnetic wave signal. The system simulation software is used to establish the model simulation, and the material object is made according to the structure size of the simulation model. Finally, the basic performance of the antenna is tested. The results show that the designed antenna meets the parameters of PD detection antenna. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The generation mechanism and research background of partial discharge are introduced. The methods used to detect partial discharge and the development trend of detection antenna are described. Aiming at the application of UHF antenna in PD detection, the equivalent model of UHF antenna is established in combination with GIS structure in practice. By using the electromagnetic simulation software Ansoft HFSS, the characteristics of electric field radiation distribution of PD electromagnetic wave signal at the leak site of different sizes are obtained. Based on the analysis of the structure and basic performance parameters of the butterfly antenna, an UHF wideband butterfly microstrip antenna is designed for the distribution of the radiation spectrum of the slot leakage partial discharge signal in GIS waveguides, based on the analysis of the structure and basic performance parameters of the butterfly antenna. The semicircular antenna is obtained by further reducing the size of the antenna. Finally, the slotted structure and impedance conversion are used to meet the requirements of miniaturization and ultra-wideband (UWB) of the antenna. The simulation results show that the operating frequency bands of the three antennas are consistent with the UHF signal distribution band of PD. The simulation results show that the basic parameters of the antenna meet the requirements of PD detection. The basic parameters of butterfly antenna, semicircle antenna and slot antenna are measured by using vector network analyzer. The measured parameters include echo loss, standing wave ratio, characteristic impedance circle diagram, and the actual measurement results are consistent with the simulation results. The three antennas have high gain and wide frequency coverage due to their impedance matching in their operating band, which can meet the design requirements of PD detection antennas.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN822

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