水下无线传感器网络路由协议的研究
发布时间：2018-09-04 11:04
【摘要】：水下无线传感器网络作为一项新兴的科研学科,近年来吸引了众多研究人员投身其中。同时,水下无线传感器网络的应用范围也越来越广,已在海洋监测、油气开发、地震预警和海军防御等方面发挥了巨大的作用。由于水下无线传感器网络与陆地上的无线传感器网络相比有着很多不同,而最重要的一个不同是水下无线传感器网络使用声波而不是电磁波进行通信。这使得水下无线传感器网络有了许多特有的性质,例如传播速率低、带宽低、信道质量差以及能量限制等。这些特殊的性质为人们设计出一个高性能的水下路由协议设置了层次障碍。到目前为止,许多用于水下通信的路由协议已被相继提出。其中,多跳传输协议是这些协议中最典型的一类,并得到深入的研究。本文提出一种基于相对距离的路由转发协议RDBF,这是一种无需建立通信路径的多跳路由协议,节点总是试图把数据发送给最优的下一跳节点。从而达到减少端到端的总跳数、降低能耗、缩短时延等目的。RDBF为了避免过多的节点参与转发,提出了一个合适因子来判定一个节点作为下一跳的合适程度,只允许最合适的节点参与数据的转发,从而进一步减少了能量的不必要消耗。然而固定目的节点的多跳路由协议不可避免的存在能耗不均衡问题,远端的节点将数据通过逐跳转发的方式汇聚到目的节点处,这就使得更靠近目的节点的转发节点要为远端的节点转发更多的数据,从而负载越高。这使得这些邻居目的节点的转发节点能耗过度的消耗,节点的能量很快耗尽,无法再为网络转发节点,从而造成网络路由路径中断。为解决这一问题本文又提出一种基于区域能量水平的路由协议RELB,利用移动的水下自主航行器作为临时的目的节点前往能量水平最高的区域收集数据,从而动态的缓解多跳路由协议造成的能量消耗不均衡问题。基于Aqua-Sim仿真平台进行了大量的仿真实验,通过分析实验结果,本文得出RDBF路由协议能够有效缩短端到端平均时延、提高收包率、降低能量消耗;而RELB路由协议则能够在保证以上性能的同时进一步改善网络的能量均衡问题,延长网络的寿命。
[Abstract]:As a new subject, underwater wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted many researchers in recent years. At the same time, underwater wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been widely used in ocean monitoring, oil and gas development, earthquake warning and naval defense. There are many differences between underwater wireless sensor networks and terrestrial wireless sensor networks, but the most important difference is that underwater wireless sensor networks communicate with acoustic rather than electromagnetic waves. This makes underwater wireless sensor networks have many unique properties, such as low propagation rate, low bandwidth, poor channel quality and energy constraints. These special properties set up a hierarchical obstacle for people to design a high performance underwater routing protocol. Up to now, many routing protocols for underwater communication have been proposed one after another. Among them, multi-hop transport protocol is the most typical of these protocols, and has been deeply studied. This paper proposes a relative distance based routing forwarding protocol (RDBF,), which is a multi-hop routing protocol that does not need to establish a communication path. Nodes always try to send data to the optimal next-hop node. In order to avoid too many nodes participating in forwarding, RDBF proposed a suitable factor to determine the appropriate degree of a node as the next hop, in order to reduce the total number of hops, reduce the energy consumption and shorten the delay. Only the most appropriate nodes are allowed to participate in data forwarding, thus further reducing unnecessary energy consumption. However, the multi-hop routing protocol of fixed destination node inevitably has the problem of unbalanced energy consumption. The remote node gathers the data to the destination node by the way of jump transfer. This makes the forwarding node closer to the destination node to forward more data to the remote node, thus the higher the load. As a result, the energy consumption of the forwarding nodes of these neighbor destination nodes is excessive, and the energy of the nodes is quickly depleted, which can no longer be forwarded to the network, thus causing the network routing path to be interrupted. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a routing protocol based on regional energy level (RELB,), which uses mobile AUV as a temporary destination node to collect data in the area with the highest energy level. The problem of energy consumption imbalance caused by multi-hop routing protocol can be alleviated dynamically. A large number of simulation experiments are carried out based on the Aqua-Sim simulation platform. By analyzing the experimental results, it is concluded that the RDBF routing protocol can effectively shorten the end-to-end average delay, improve the packet rate and reduce the energy consumption. The RELB routing protocol can further improve the energy balance problem and prolong the lifetime of the network while ensuring the above performance.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.3
本文编号：2221891
[Abstract]:As a new subject, underwater wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted many researchers in recent years. At the same time, underwater wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been widely used in ocean monitoring, oil and gas development, earthquake warning and naval defense. There are many differences between underwater wireless sensor networks and terrestrial wireless sensor networks, but the most important difference is that underwater wireless sensor networks communicate with acoustic rather than electromagnetic waves. This makes underwater wireless sensor networks have many unique properties, such as low propagation rate, low bandwidth, poor channel quality and energy constraints. These special properties set up a hierarchical obstacle for people to design a high performance underwater routing protocol. Up to now, many routing protocols for underwater communication have been proposed one after another. Among them, multi-hop transport protocol is the most typical of these protocols, and has been deeply studied. This paper proposes a relative distance based routing forwarding protocol (RDBF,), which is a multi-hop routing protocol that does not need to establish a communication path. Nodes always try to send data to the optimal next-hop node. In order to avoid too many nodes participating in forwarding, RDBF proposed a suitable factor to determine the appropriate degree of a node as the next hop, in order to reduce the total number of hops, reduce the energy consumption and shorten the delay. Only the most appropriate nodes are allowed to participate in data forwarding, thus further reducing unnecessary energy consumption. However, the multi-hop routing protocol of fixed destination node inevitably has the problem of unbalanced energy consumption. The remote node gathers the data to the destination node by the way of jump transfer. This makes the forwarding node closer to the destination node to forward more data to the remote node, thus the higher the load. As a result, the energy consumption of the forwarding nodes of these neighbor destination nodes is excessive, and the energy of the nodes is quickly depleted, which can no longer be forwarded to the network, thus causing the network routing path to be interrupted. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a routing protocol based on regional energy level (RELB,), which uses mobile AUV as a temporary destination node to collect data in the area with the highest energy level. The problem of energy consumption imbalance caused by multi-hop routing protocol can be alleviated dynamically. A large number of simulation experiments are carried out based on the Aqua-Sim simulation platform. By analyzing the experimental results, it is concluded that the RDBF routing protocol can effectively shorten the end-to-end average delay, improve the packet rate and reduce the energy consumption. The RELB routing protocol can further improve the energy balance problem and prolong the lifetime of the network while ensuring the above performance.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 钟永信;黄建国;韩晶;;基于空间唤醒的水声传感器网络节能路由协议[J];电子与信息学报;2011年06期
，本文编号：2221891
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