无线Ad Hoc路由算法和拓扑控制算法研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 09:45

【摘要】：无线Ad Hoc网络是一种自组织网络，不需要固定基站的支持，网络的部署具有很强的灵活性。这种网络是由军事用途的需求而出现的，随着网络技术理论研究的不断深入，无线Ad Hoc网络的应用也逐渐从军事战场领域逐渐向抗震救灾、生物医疗、智能公路、智能会议和家庭娱乐等领域扩展。这对无线自组网的路由和拓扑控制提出了更高的要求。无线Ad Hoc路由算法和拓扑控制是目前研究的热点之一。本文从节能、延长网络生命周期以及降低网络干扰的角度出发，提出高性能的路由算法和拓扑控制算法。本文的主要研究工作和取得的成果如下：（1）针对目前无线Ad Hoc网络的路由协议存在动态拓扑和负载均衡较差的问题，本文将蚁群优化与能量均衡引入无线Ad Hoc路由技术，提出了新的路由算法，能更好的均衡负载和能量消耗，提高网络的性能。无线Ad Hoc网络节点的能量、节点拥塞和变动性对网络性能影响非常大。降低能量消耗可以有效的延长网络寿命，控制节点拥塞可以提高网络的分组投递率和端到端延时等性能。通过引入蚁群优化（ACO）算法，将蚁群算法中的信息素作为网络节点中的路由表，引入了节点有效能量率、节点拥塞率、节点变动率、路径的变动率、路径的拥塞率等定义。仿真结果表明，该算法可以提高了数据的传输率，延长网络生存时间。更好的适应了无线Ad Hoc网络的移动特性和网络负载的变化，网络时延和网络生存时间性能都得到了提高。（2）针对无线Ad Hoc网络能量不均衡和节点能量受限的问题，从拓扑控制的角度，利用图论的思想，提出一种能量均衡拓扑控制算法，通过分析网络能耗，使用路径权值WeightPath构造本地最小生成树，构建网络拓扑。仿真实验表明，该算法能更好地适应无线Ad Hoc网络节点的移动变化和节点的能量有效使用，延长了网络的生命周期。（3）针对无线Ad Hoc网络节点的动态性对网络性能的影响，依据节点的移动模型，提出了一种基于节点移动预测的能量均衡拓扑控制算法，对无线Ad Hoc网络节点的运动进行预测，使用预测的结果计算链路的稳定性，在路由选择过程中选取稳定性更高的链路。算法采用主动式路由修复、能量均衡机制，，避免部分节点过度的能量消耗。仿真实验表明，算法能有效避免由于节点移动导致链路断裂对数据传输的影响。更好地适应Ad Hoc网络节点的移动变化，减少链路失效，改进了网络性能。（4）针对无线Ad Hoc网络传输干扰的问题，从节点和路径干扰的角度出发，在传统的干扰模型的基础上，提出了新的路径干扰模型。以降低全网路径干扰为目标提出了最小化链路干扰的拓扑控制算法，算法构建的网络拓扑具有t-spanner性质，可以有效避免传输路径中出现的瓶颈路径，并且可以减少由于链路瓶颈引起的拥塞。在一定程度上限制了节点对之间的最大路径长度。仿真实验表明，算法可以有效的降低网络拓扑的路径干扰。
[Abstract]:Wireless Ad Hoc network is a kind of self-organizing network, it does not need the support of fixed base station, network deployment has very strong flexibility. With the development of network technology theory, the application of wireless Ad Hoc network has gradually expanded from the field of military battlefield to earthquake relief, bio-medical, intelligent highway, intelligent conference and home entertainment. This puts forward higher demands on routing and topology control of wireless ad hoc networks. Wireless Ad Hoc routing algorithm and topology control are one of the hot topics at present. This paper presents a high-performance routing algorithm and topology control algorithm based on energy saving, extended network life cycle and network interference reduction. The main research work and achievements of this paper As follows: (1) Aiming at the problem of dynamic topology and poor load balance in the routing protocol of wireless Ad Hoc network, this paper introduces the Ant Colony Optimization and Energy Equalization to the wireless Ad Hoc routing technology, and puts forward a new method. the routing algorithm can better balance load and energy consumption, The performance of the network, the energy of the wireless Ad Hoc network node, the node congestion and mobility to the network performance reducing energy consumption can effectively prolong network life, control node congestion can improve packet delivery rate and end-to-end of network, By introducing ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm, pheromone in ant colony algorithm is used as routing table in network node, and the effective energy rate of node, node congestion rate, node's rate of congestion, transmission rate and path of path are introduced. The simulation results show that the algorithm can improve the transmission rate of data and prolong the network. and the network time delay and the network survival time performance are all improved. In order to solve the problem of imbalance of energy and limited energy of node in wireless Ad Hoc network, this paper proposes an energy balance topology control algorithm from the angle of topology control, and proposes an energy balance topology control algorithm. By analyzing the energy consumption of the network, the path weight value WeightPath structure is used. create local minimum generation The simulation experiment shows that the algorithm can better adapt to the mobile change of the wireless Ad Hoc network node and the energy efficient use of the node and prolong the network topology. Based on the mobile model of node, a new energy balance topology control algorithm based on node mobility prediction is proposed for wireless Ad Hoc network. the network node predicts the motion of the link, calculates the stability of the link using the predicted result, A link with higher stability is selected. The algorithm adopts active route repair and energy balance mechanism to avoid The simulation experiment shows that the algorithm can avoid the chain due to node movement effectively. The influence of road break on data transmission. It is better to adapt to the mobile variation of Ad Hoc network node and reduce the chain. and the network performance is improved. (4) Aiming at the problem of interference in the wireless Ad Hoc network, based on the angle of the node and the path interference, based on the traditional interference model, In this paper, a new path interference model is proposed. In order to reduce the path interference of the whole network, a topology control algorithm for minimizing link interference is proposed. The network topology constructed by the algorithm has t-scanner property, which can effectively avoid the bottleneck path in the transmission path, and can to reduce congestion due to link bottlenecks. The maximum path length between node pairs is made. Simulation experiments show that the algorithm can
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5

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