新一代移动通信双极化基站天线单元设计

发布时间：2018-10-08 11:02

【摘要】：随着3G/LTE等新一代移动通信技术的快速发展,激增的话务量与多元化发展的通信业务对移动通信系统的性能提出了越来越高的要求。作为移动通信系统中能量转换的枢纽,基站天线性能的优劣对整个系统的性能有着极其重要的影响。因此,基站天线必然朝着适应下一代移动通信系统需求的方向发展。但是,考虑到目前移动通信行业处于并将长期处于2G/3G/LTE等多种制式共存的过渡阶段的情况,研究具备宽频化,小型化,智能化,集中化,适用于多种系统制式的新型基站天线成为当前的主要课题。本文在介绍了基站天线的研究意义、发展趋势与国内外研究现状等知识的基础上,基于移动通信基站天线的发展趋势,提出了几款适用于下一代移动通信系统的双极化基站天线。第一,针对现有基站天线频带窄、非平面化及辐射体尺寸大不利于组阵等问题,文章提出了一款全平面、小型化辐射体的宽带平面双极化基站天线。该天线能够获得1.70~2.70GHz的宽阻抗带宽以及良好的辐射特性,并能够有效地减小辐射体的尺寸,为降低阵列天线单元互耦提供了新的思路。第二,针对现有基站天线非平面化、剖面高,整体结构尺寸大导致的不适合微缩基站的问题,基于AMC零反射相位理论,提出了一款覆盖2.40~2.70GHz的低剖面平面双极化微缩基站天线。最后,针对现有基站的反射板尺寸大不适合小型化基站的问题,提出了两款新颖的小型化基站天线。首先,基于引向寄生单元,设计了一款工作于1.70~2.70GHz宽频带的小型化基站天线,天线在获得良好阻抗特性的同时整体尺寸降低到0.59λ0×0.59λ0×0.2λ0。其次,通过引入新型的反射超表面,有效地缩减了天线整体尺寸,其整体尺寸仅有0.61λ0×0.61λ0×0.16λ0,并且天线能够覆盖1.70~2.20GHz的阻抗带宽。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the new generation of mobile communication technology such as 3G/LTE, the rapid increase of traffic and the diversified development of communication services put forward more and more high requirements for the performance of mobile communication system. As the hub of energy conversion in mobile communication system, the performance of base station antenna has an extremely important impact on the performance of the whole system. Therefore, the base station antenna must be developed to meet the needs of the next generation mobile communication system. However, considering the fact that the mobile communication industry is and will be in the transitional stage of coexistence of multiple standards such as 2G/3G/LTE for a long time, the research has broadband, miniaturization, intelligence and centralization. A new type of base station antenna suitable for multi-system systems has become a major topic at present. On the basis of introducing the research significance, development trend and current research situation of base station antenna, this paper introduces the development trend of base station antenna in mobile communication. Several dual polarization base station antennas for next generation mobile communication systems are proposed. Firstly, aiming at the problems of narrow band, non-planarization and large size of radiator, a broadband planar dual-polarized base station antenna with full-plane and miniaturized radiators is proposed. The antenna can obtain the wide impedance bandwidth and good radiation characteristics of 1.70~2.70GHz, and can effectively reduce the size of the radiator, which provides a new idea for reducing the mutual coupling of array antenna elements. Secondly, in view of the problem that the existing base station antenna is not suitable for micro-base station due to its non-planarization, high profile and large structure size, based on the theory of zero reflection phase of AMC, this paper proposes a low-profile dual-polarization microminiature base station antenna covering 2.40~2.70GHz. Finally, two novel miniaturized base station antennas are proposed to solve the problem that the reflector size of the existing base station is large and not suitable for the miniaturized base station. Firstly, a miniaturized base station antenna working in 1.70~2.70GHz broadband is designed based on the lead parasitic element. The overall size of the antenna is reduced to 0.59 位 0 脳 0.59 位 0 脳 0.2 位 0 while obtaining good impedance characteristics. Secondly, by introducing a new type of reflective supersurface, the overall size of the antenna is reduced effectively. The overall size of the antenna is only 0.61 位 0 脳 0.61 位 0 脳 0.16 位 0, and the antenna can cover the impedance bandwidth of the 1.70~2.20GHz.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN828.6

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