机载雷达杂波模拟器的设计与实现
发布时间：2018-11-07 12:21
【摘要】：随着对雷达功能要求的不断更新,新体制雷达不断被研发出来。因此,对新体制雷达的测试迫切需要更强大的雷达信号模拟器。在雷达工作时会有许多与目标无关的物体产生回波,这部分不需要的信号统称为杂波。杂波会使得雷达无法精确探测目标,因此对杂波的模拟有助于检测雷达在各类型杂波影响下的工作情况,同时也利于改善雷达性能。由于机载雷达处于运动平台,其接收到的杂波与地基雷达有很大区别,因此需要对其进行专门研究。作为模拟器的重要组成部分,杂波模拟器的性能直接影响了对雷达测试的结果。对雷达回波的模拟主要包括目标、噪声和杂波三部分。相对目标和噪声而言,杂波的功率谱密度特性和幅度分布特性种类较多、形式较复杂,模拟的难度大。因此本文从常规情况下雷达杂波的幅度分布特性和功率谱密度特性分析入手,详细研究了机载情况下杂波功率谱密度特性,在此基础上设计了硬件模块实现杂波模拟器功能。本文首先从雷达杂波模拟原理出发,介绍了杂波幅度概率密度模型(瑞利分布模型、对数—正态分布模型、威布尔分布模型及K分布模型)和功率谱模型(高斯模型、指数模型和全极点模型),同时对比了两种常用的雷达杂波模拟方法(ZMNL、SIRP)。其次针对机载雷达的杂波频谱进行了分析,根据机载雷达工作情况对机载雷达杂波功率谱进行了数学建模,在此基础上提出了便于工程实现的简化模型,并对采用数学模型和简化模型模拟的杂波功率谱进行仿真分析和对比,同时对采用杂波功率谱简化模型产生杂波数据的方法与步骤做了简要介绍。然后利用基于杂波存储的方案设计了机载雷达杂波模拟器的硬件原理框图,并设计模拟器各功能模块完成了杂波数据产生的硬件实现。最后对模块和整机进行测试,通过对结果的分析证明模拟器方案可行。本文采用的杂波功率谱简化模型大大减少了实时计算杂波功率谱所花费的时间,同时能够准确地反映出机载雷达杂波的各个特征量,在此基础上设计的杂波信号硬件产生方案解决了传统雷达杂波模拟器方案中实时计算方案耗时久和数据存储方案占用资源大的矛盾,最终实现了高效而准确地产生杂波数据。
[Abstract]:With the continuous updating of radar function requirements, the new radar system has been developed. Therefore, a more powerful radar signal simulator is urgently needed for the test of the new radar system. Many objects which are not related to the target will generate echo when the radar is working, and this part of the unwanted signal is called clutter. Clutter can not accurately detect the target, so the simulation of clutter is helpful to detect the radar performance under the influence of various types of clutter, and also to improve the radar performance. Because airborne radar is on the moving platform, the clutter it receives is very different from the ground radar, so it needs special research. As an important part of the simulator, the performance of the clutter simulator directly affects the radar test results. The simulation of radar echo mainly includes three parts: target, noise and clutter. Compared with the target and noise, there are many kinds of power spectral density and amplitude distribution characteristics of clutter, the form is more complex, and the simulation is difficult. In this paper, the amplitude distribution and power spectral density characteristics of radar clutter are analyzed, and the clutter power spectral density characteristics are studied in detail. On this basis, the hardware module is designed to realize the function of clutter simulator. Based on the principle of radar clutter simulation, this paper introduces the probability density model (Rayleigh distribution model, log-normal distribution model, Weibull distribution model and K-distribution model) and power spectrum model (Gao Si model). The exponential model and the full pole model) are compared with two common radar clutter simulation methods (ZMNL,SIRP). Secondly, the clutter spectrum of airborne radar is analyzed, and the power spectrum of airborne radar is modeled according to the working condition of airborne radar. Based on this, a simplified model is put forward, which is convenient for engineering implementation. The simulation analysis and comparison of clutter power spectrum simulated by mathematical model and simplified model are carried out, and the methods and steps of generating clutter data by using simplified model of clutter power spectrum are introduced briefly. Then, the hardware principle block diagram of airborne radar clutter simulator is designed based on the clutter storage scheme, and the hardware realization of clutter data generation is realized by every function module of the simulator. Finally, the module and the whole machine are tested, and the results show that the simulator scheme is feasible. The simplified model of clutter power spectrum adopted in this paper greatly reduces the time taken to calculate the clutter power spectrum in real time, and can accurately reflect the various characteristic quantities of airborne radar clutter. On this basis, the hardware generation scheme of clutter signal is designed to solve the contradiction between the long time consuming of real-time computing scheme and the large resource occupation of the data storage scheme in the traditional radar clutter simulator scheme. Finally, the clutter data can be generated efficiently and accurately.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN959.73
本文编号：2316359
[Abstract]:With the continuous updating of radar function requirements, the new radar system has been developed. Therefore, a more powerful radar signal simulator is urgently needed for the test of the new radar system. Many objects which are not related to the target will generate echo when the radar is working, and this part of the unwanted signal is called clutter. Clutter can not accurately detect the target, so the simulation of clutter is helpful to detect the radar performance under the influence of various types of clutter, and also to improve the radar performance. Because airborne radar is on the moving platform, the clutter it receives is very different from the ground radar, so it needs special research. As an important part of the simulator, the performance of the clutter simulator directly affects the radar test results. The simulation of radar echo mainly includes three parts: target, noise and clutter. Compared with the target and noise, there are many kinds of power spectral density and amplitude distribution characteristics of clutter, the form is more complex, and the simulation is difficult. In this paper, the amplitude distribution and power spectral density characteristics of radar clutter are analyzed, and the clutter power spectral density characteristics are studied in detail. On this basis, the hardware module is designed to realize the function of clutter simulator. Based on the principle of radar clutter simulation, this paper introduces the probability density model (Rayleigh distribution model, log-normal distribution model, Weibull distribution model and K-distribution model) and power spectrum model (Gao Si model). The exponential model and the full pole model) are compared with two common radar clutter simulation methods (ZMNL,SIRP). Secondly, the clutter spectrum of airborne radar is analyzed, and the power spectrum of airborne radar is modeled according to the working condition of airborne radar. Based on this, a simplified model is put forward, which is convenient for engineering implementation. The simulation analysis and comparison of clutter power spectrum simulated by mathematical model and simplified model are carried out, and the methods and steps of generating clutter data by using simplified model of clutter power spectrum are introduced briefly. Then, the hardware principle block diagram of airborne radar clutter simulator is designed based on the clutter storage scheme, and the hardware realization of clutter data generation is realized by every function module of the simulator. Finally, the module and the whole machine are tested, and the results show that the simulator scheme is feasible. The simplified model of clutter power spectrum adopted in this paper greatly reduces the time taken to calculate the clutter power spectrum in real time, and can accurately reflect the various characteristic quantities of airborne radar clutter. On this basis, the hardware generation scheme of clutter signal is designed to solve the contradiction between the long time consuming of real-time computing scheme and the large resource occupation of the data storage scheme in the traditional radar clutter simulator scheme. Finally, the clutter data can be generated efficiently and accurately.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN959.73
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 焦丽;机载下视雷达地杂波研究与模拟[D];南京航空航天大学;2008年
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