低成本车载激光雷达系统设计
发布时间：2018-11-11 18:29
【摘要】：论文详细的研究了脉冲激光雷达测距原理及关键技术,并介绍了脉冲激光雷达测距系统的各个组成部分。论文中设计的回波接收电路是整个系统的关键部分之一,接收电路性能的好坏直接决定着测距效果的优劣,这一部分主要包括光电转换电路、脉冲信号放大电路、时刻鉴别电路等三部分组成。 脉冲回波信号接收电路我们选用低噪声,宽频带、高速跨阻放大器OPA657搭建前置放大电路；主放大部分选用带宽较宽、低噪声的电流反馈型电压放大器AD8009来搭建,它是一款增益不随带宽变化的运放,论文对电路设计的各部分噪声、带宽等进行了详细的理论分析并与我们的实验数据进行对比,符合实验要求。论文采用高精度的时间间隔测量芯片TDC-GP21来测量激光飞行时间。 论文详细的分析了目前常用的几种时刻鉴别法的优缺点。理论上提出了一种可以减小因回波信号幅度变化而引起时间漂移的时刻鉴别方法,同时理论上设计了一种可以消除电子元器件的固定延时的误差大小的脉冲激光测距装置。 最后完成系统样机的研制,对原理样机的测试基本上符合我们预定的要求。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the principle and key technology of pulse laser radar ranging are studied in detail, and the components of pulse laser radar ranging system are introduced. The echo receiving circuit designed in this paper is one of the key parts of the whole system. The performance of the receiving circuit directly determines the distance measuring effect. This part mainly includes the photoelectric conversion circuit, the pulse signal amplification circuit. The time discriminant circuit is composed of three parts. Pulse echo signal receiving circuit we choose low noise, wide band, high speed transresistance amplifier OPA657 to build preamplifier circuit. The majority of the main amplifier uses a wide bandwidth, low noise current feedback voltage amplifier AD8009 to build, it is a gain no change with the bandwidth of the operational amplifier, the paper of the circuit design of each part of the noise, The bandwidth is analyzed in detail and compared with our experimental data. In this paper, a high-precision time interval measurement chip TDC-GP21 is used to measure the laser time of flight. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of several time discrimination methods are analyzed in detail. A time discrimination method which can reduce the time drift caused by the amplitude variation of the echo signal is proposed theoretically. A pulse laser ranging device is designed which can eliminate the error of the fixed delay of the electronic components. Finally, the prototype of the system is developed, and the testing of the prototype is basically in line with our scheduled requirements.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN958.98
本文编号：2325750
[Abstract]:In this paper, the principle and key technology of pulse laser radar ranging are studied in detail, and the components of pulse laser radar ranging system are introduced. The echo receiving circuit designed in this paper is one of the key parts of the whole system. The performance of the receiving circuit directly determines the distance measuring effect. This part mainly includes the photoelectric conversion circuit, the pulse signal amplification circuit. The time discriminant circuit is composed of three parts. Pulse echo signal receiving circuit we choose low noise, wide band, high speed transresistance amplifier OPA657 to build preamplifier circuit. The majority of the main amplifier uses a wide bandwidth, low noise current feedback voltage amplifier AD8009 to build, it is a gain no change with the bandwidth of the operational amplifier, the paper of the circuit design of each part of the noise, The bandwidth is analyzed in detail and compared with our experimental data. In this paper, a high-precision time interval measurement chip TDC-GP21 is used to measure the laser time of flight. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of several time discrimination methods are analyzed in detail. A time discrimination method which can reduce the time drift caused by the amplitude variation of the echo signal is proposed theoretically. A pulse laser ranging device is designed which can eliminate the error of the fixed delay of the electronic components. Finally, the prototype of the system is developed, and the testing of the prototype is basically in line with our scheduled requirements.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN958.98
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