无线传感器网络数据融合技术及应用研究

发布时间：2018-11-24 10:37

【摘要】：随着通信、嵌入式计算和传感器技术的飞速发展和日趋成熟,具备感知、计算和通信能力的微型传感器在世界范围内开始涌现。由这些微型传感器组成的以无线的方式进行通信的无线传感器网络吸引了人们的高度关注。这种无线传感器网络能够通过协作的方式实时监测、感知和采集WSN网络分布覆盖区域内的各种环境或监测目标的信息,并将这些信息传送给需要这些信息的用户。然而,构成无线传感器网络的传感器节点的能量是有限的,因此,待能量耗尽无线传感器网络也就不能给用户提供服务。为了提高网络的生命期,就需要高效利用有限的传感器节点能量,而数据融合技术就是对传感器获取的数据进行处理,以减少网络数据量、获取详尽、准确的数据为目的。因此,无线传感器网络中的数据融合技术便成为了重要研究课题。本文深入分析了现有的基于静态分簇和动态分簇数据融合机制,以及定向扩散路由中的数据融合和基于分层结构的数据融合技术,针对这些数据融合机制存在问题,在此基础上提出了静动态分簇相结合的数据融合及一种基于层次结构的能量均衡数据融合机制。最后,还对实验平台进行了介绍,并研究了无线传感器网络数据融合技术在煤矿设备现场诊断系统数据采集中的应用,达到了预期的效果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development and maturity of communication, embedded computing and sensor technology, micro sensors with sensing, computing and communication capabilities are emerging all over the world. Wireless sensor networks composed of these micro sensors have attracted much attention. This wireless sensor network can monitor and collect the information of various environments or monitoring targets in the distributed coverage area of the WSN network in a cooperative way and transmit the information to the users who need the information. However, the energy of sensor nodes that constitute wireless sensor networks is limited, so the wireless sensor networks can not provide services to users when the energy is exhausted. In order to improve the lifetime of the network, it is necessary to efficiently utilize the limited energy of sensor nodes, and data fusion technology is to process the data obtained by the sensor in order to reduce the amount of network data and obtain detailed and accurate data. Therefore, data fusion technology in wireless sensor networks has become an important research topic. In this paper, the existing data fusion mechanisms based on static clustering and dynamic clustering, as well as the data fusion techniques in directional diffusion routing and hierarchical data fusion are deeply analyzed. There are some problems in these data fusion mechanisms. Based on this, a static and dynamic clustering data fusion and an energy balance data fusion mechanism based on hierarchical structure are proposed. Finally, the experimental platform is introduced, and the application of wireless sensor network data fusion technology in coal mine equipment field diagnosis system data acquisition is studied.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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