3D多天线空时无线信道建模与研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 20:15

【摘要】：目前,宽带无线传输中的多天线MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output,以下简称MIMO)已经成为无线通信领域中广泛研究的技术。在无线传播环境中,使用MIMO技术可以在不增加系统传输带宽及发射功率的情况下,显著提高无线通信系统的信道容量。然而MIMO的信道特性严重制约着其系统性能。因此,建立准确刻画MIMO信道特性的信道模型显得尤为重要。业界现有的MIMO信道模型大都建立在二维平面内,空间角度统计特性只考虑了方位角分量却忽略了俯仰角分量,该模型并不能反映实际的无线信道特性。为了能够准确地揭示真实MIMO信道的传输本质,本文在业界主流的基于几何的二维随机信道模型——WINNER II信道模型的基础上,拓展了其3D化的MIMO信道模型版本,真正实现了信道和天线模型的3D化,从而更加真实地刻画了实际MIMO的信道特征。本文主要从以下几个方面实现了对3D MIMO建模的研究:1.实现了刻画无线空间信道空、时、频特征的关键参数(时延、来波角、去波角、多普勒频率、极化幅度)的估计。拓展了对空域角度3D估计,实现了来波角、去波角的俯仰维度的精确估计。2.实现了空间任意放置天线阵列的3D化建模,提出了“一种WINNER信道仿真中的三维极化投影算法”。该算法可以仅仅通过理论推导,便可生成用于构建WINNER信道模型中所需要的关键参数(水平和垂直天线场方向图),从而有效地降低获得实际描述信道的特征参数所需的代价。基于此并进行了天线阵列的3D建模。3.实现了基于MIMO的WINNER通用信道模型(GCM,Generic Channel Model)的3D拓展。WINNER II信道模型可以评估无线通信系统的链路级及系统级的性能。但是,目前的WINNER II GCM仅仅是在二维平面内构建模型,为了更准确地刻画实际MIMO信道特征,本文在三维空间中对WINNER II通用信道模型进行了构建。并对拓展后的3D WINNER信道模型进行了信道容量等方面的仿真研究。4.针对搭建的3D信道模型进行了参数校准方面的仿真,给出了信道特征描述的统计结果。
[Abstract]:At present, multi-antenna MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output, (MIMO) in broadband wireless transmission has become a widely studied technology in wireless communication field. In wireless transmission environment, the channel capacity of wireless communication system can be significantly improved by using MIMO technology without increasing the transmission bandwidth and transmission power of the wireless communication system. However, the channel characteristics of MIMO seriously restrict its system performance. Therefore, it is very important to establish a channel model that accurately describes the characteristics of MIMO channel. Most of the existing MIMO channel models in the industry are built in the two-dimensional plane. The spatial angle statistics only considers the azimuth component but neglects the pitch angle component. This model can not reflect the actual wireless channel characteristics. In order to reveal the transmission essence of real MIMO channel accurately, this paper extends the 3D version of MIMO channel model based on WINNER II channel model, which is the main two-dimensional stochastic channel model based on geometry. The 3D model of channel and antenna is realized, and the channel characteristics of actual MIMO are described more realistically. This paper mainly realizes the research of 3D MIMO modeling from the following aspects: 1. The estimation of the key parameters (time delay, arrival angle, dewave angle, Doppler frequency, polarization amplitude) describing the space, time and frequency characteristics of wireless space channel is realized. The 3D estimation of spatial angle is extended to realize the accurate estimation of pitch dimension of wave angle and wave angle. 2. The 3D modeling of antenna array with arbitrary placement in space is realized, and a 3D polarization projection algorithm in WINNER channel simulation is proposed. The algorithm can generate the key parameters (horizontal and vertical antenna field pattern) needed for constructing the WINNER channel model by theoretical derivation, thus effectively reducing the cost of obtaining the characteristic parameters of the actual channel description. Based on this, the 3D modeling of antenna array is carried out. 3. The WINNER general channel model based on MIMO (3D extended. WINNER II channel model of GCM,Generic Channel Model) is implemented to evaluate the link level and system level performance of wireless communication system. However, the current WINNER II GCM model is only built in the two-dimensional plane. In order to describe the actual MIMO channel characteristics more accurately, this paper constructs the WINNER II general channel model in three-dimensional space. The extended 3D WINNER channel model is simulated in terms of channel capacity. 4. The parameter calibration of the 3D channel model is simulated, and the statistical results of channel feature description are given.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN919.3

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