基于金刚石氮—空位体系的量子陀螺仪的研究

发布时间：2018-12-09 08:40

【摘要】：陀螺仪自问世以来经历了巨大的发展,取得了广泛的应用。从航空航天到机器人、相机等消费类电子产品都能看到它的身影。目前陀螺仪对精度上的需求可以通过现有的技术得到解决,但对小型化的渴望在各个级别的陀螺都是普遍存在的,小型化是目前陀螺仪的发展趋势之一。NV陀螺具有先天体积小的优点,借助于磁共振的脉冲技术,可以有效地抑制低频噪声(磁场、温度波动),正吸引着越来越多人的兴趣。目前关于NV陀螺仪的方案主要有两种：eNVG和nNVG,其中eNVG存在着对磁场稳定性要求高的困难,nNVG需要强的驱动场来极化氮核自旋,存在着初始化较困难的问题。在这里我们提出了一种基于Ahronov-Anandan(A-A)几何相的陀螺仪方案,该方案通过在NV色心上将旋转过的角度以A-A几何相的形式读出,从而提取角速率。由于采用了动力学解耦的技术,不仅可以延长相干时间,同时可以有效地对抗低频噪声。解决了eNVG对磁场稳定性要求高、nNVG初始化较困难的问题,该陀螺仪具有量程大、启动时间快的特点,在灵敏度为0.2deg/s/(?)Hz的情况下,量程可以达到±6.69×106deg/s,启动时间在微秒量级。本文分为三部分,第一部分简单介绍了常见的陀螺仪以及NV陀螺的研究现状,第二部分介绍了基于A-A phase陀螺仪的理论方案以及相关性能的评估,并提出了可能性的改进,第三部分对全文做了简单总结及展望。
[Abstract]:Gyroscope has experienced great development and has been widely used since it came out. Consumer electronics, from aerospace to robots and cameras, can see it. At present, the gyroscope's demand for precision can be solved by existing technology, but the desire for miniaturization is common in all levels of gyroscope. Miniaturization is one of the development trends of gyroscopes at present. NV gyroscopes have the advantage of small size. With the help of magnetic resonance pulse technology, low frequency noise (magnetic field, temperature fluctuation) can be effectively suppressed, which is attracting more and more people's interest. There are two main schemes for NV gyroscopes: eNVG and nNVG, in which eNVG requires high stability of magnetic field and nNVG requires a strong driving field to polarize the spin of the nitrogen nucleus which is difficult to initialize. Here we propose a gyroscope scheme based on Ahronov-Anandan (A-A) geometric phase, in which angular rate is extracted by reading the rotated angle in the NV color center in the form of A-A geometric phase. Because of the dynamic decoupling technique, the coherent time can be prolonged and the low frequency noise can be effectively counteracted. It solves the problem that eNVG requires high stability of magnetic field, and it is difficult to initialize nNVG. The gyroscope has the characteristics of large measurement range and fast start-up time. When the sensitivity is 0.2deg/s/ (?) Hz, the range can reach 卤6.69 脳 10 ~ (6) degg / s. Startup time is in the order of microsecond. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part briefly introduces the research status of common gyroscopes and NV gyroscopes, the second part introduces the theoretical scheme based on A-A phase gyroscopes and the evaluation of related performance, and puts forward the possibility of improvement. The third part makes a brief summary and prospect of the full text.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN96

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