圆极化小型介质谐振器天线的设计

发布时间：2018-12-28 19:24

【摘要】：随着现代无线通讯事业的快速发展,人们对作为无线通讯系统射频前端的天线有了更高的要求,对天线的小型化,宽频带,低损耗等性能提出了迫切的需求。而近年来,介质谐振器天线(DRA)由于具有宽频带,低损耗及激励方式多样等诸多优点受到了学者的广泛关注。同时圆极化波对接收天线和发射天线的极化方向并不像线极化波那样敏感,并且在卫星通信领域圆极化波可以有效的降低传播效应的影响,因此本文针对圆极化介质谐振器天线做了系统的研究,提出了宽频带圆极化介质谐振器天线设计和用于卫星通讯的圆极化小型介质谐振器天线的设计。本文主要贡献有:1、设计了两种宽带圆极化介质谐振器天线,第一种通过采用单圈螺旋缝隙结构,通过微带激励使缝隙中的磁流呈行波分布状态,得到18.3%的阻抗带宽和8.3%轴比带宽。第二种利用带有微扰的方形环缝隙耦合馈电,通过优化调节缝隙尺寸,将缝隙馈电的DRA和介质加载的方形环缝隙天线结合,共同工作下实现了宽带圆极化特性。2、对圆极化小型介质谐振器天线进行了研究,结合卫星通讯天线的指标要求,尤其是对于低仰角性能和小型化需求,采用在介质表面加载金属的形式降低了天线的谐振频率,加载金属贴片后天线的尺寸减少了40%,并分析了加载金属后天线的谐振模式。3、针对指标要求,分别采用了双探针馈电和缝隙馈电两种馈电方式设计天线,利用双探针馈电得到了较好的轴比特性,并采用多层介质堆叠,降低Q值,拓宽了天线频带。缝隙馈电中通过调节微带线开路末端长度实现了良好的阻抗匹配,并分析了材料的介电常数稳定性对天线性能的影响。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern wireless communication, people have higher requirements for antenna as RF front-end of wireless communication system, and put forward an urgent need for the performance of antenna miniaturization, broadband, low loss and so on. In recent years, the dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) has attracted wide attention due to its wide bandwidth, low loss and various excitation modes. At the same time, the circular polarization wave is not as sensitive to the polarization direction of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna as the linear polarization wave, and the circular polarization wave can effectively reduce the influence of the propagation effect in the satellite communication field. In this paper, the design of circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna and the design of circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna for satellite communication are presented. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1. Two kinds of broadband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antennas are designed. In the first one, the magnetic current in the slot is distributed as a traveling wave by using a single loop helical slot structure and a microstrip excitation. The impedance bandwidth of 18.3% and the axial ratio bandwidth of 8.3% are obtained. The second one uses the coupling feed of square ring slot with perturbation, by optimizing the slot size, combining the slot feed DRA with the dielectric loaded square ring slot antenna, the broadband circular polarization characteristic is realized together. 2, The circularly polarized miniature dielectric resonator antenna is studied. The resonant frequency of the antenna is reduced by loading metal on the dielectric surface, especially for the low elevation performance and miniaturization of the satellite communication antenna. The size of the antenna after loading metal patch is reduced by 40%, and the resonant mode of the antenna after loading metal is analyzed. 3. According to the requirements of the index, the antenna is designed by using two feeding modes, double probe feed and slot feed, respectively. A better axial ratio is obtained by using a double probe feed, and a multilayer dielectric stack is used to reduce the Q value and broaden the antenna frequency band. A good impedance matching is realized by adjusting the length of the open end of the microstrip line in the slot feed, and the influence of the dielectric constant stability on the antenna performance is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820

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