一种基于FPGA的光路传输视频流系统的设计

发布时间：2018-12-28 19:39

【摘要】：近年来无线通信技术发展迅猛,给人们的生活带来非常巨大的影响,比如说在移动通信领域已经普及的3G技术以及正在全面推广的4G技术,无线局域网中经常用到的WiFi技术等,都极大的便利了现代人的生活和工作方式。随着白光LED照明技术的发展,如何实现利用LED光传输无线通信信号成为了一大研究热点。本文基于上述思想,设计了一个LED光传输网络视频流的实验方案,并通过实际的软硬件电路将方案付诸实践。本论文的创新点在于结合了LED灯光照明与无线通信的优势,通过LED光来传输以太网数据流,这样既可以解决无线通信中带宽有限,功耗太大等固有的不足,又具有节能环保的巨大优势。本系统利用高速闪烁的LED光传输以太网视频流,其实验原理就是将以太网格式的视频流信息转换成串行信号去驱动LED灯,高低电平控制着灯的亮灭,然后通过光电转换模块将串行信号恢复,最后由串行信号转换为GMII格式以太网数据供后面的接收端接收和播放。实验方案如下:视频发送由PC机上的VLC软件通过网卡传送到网线上;然后通过FPGA电路与以太网PHY芯片为主组成发送板,PHY芯片负责完成网线接口到FPGA接口(GMII格式)数据的转换,FPGA完成数据缓存,报文解析,通道切换与并串转换等;带有以太网数据的串行信号去驱动LED电路,产生高速闪烁的光路,再由光电转换电路完成光信号到串行数据信号的转换;接收板的主芯片包括了FPGA和PHY芯片,FPGA完成数据的恢复和发送,PHY则完成GMII格式数据到RJ45接口数据的转换以方便网线与PC机之间的数据通信;最后,接收PC通过VLC完成对视频的接收和播放。本系统设计完成后,对其进行了整体测试,目前的测试结果均满足甚至超过客户提出的需求。包括:光路传输带宽为20M;视频流可通过UART、UDP端口号设置进行灵活切换;视频流延迟小于0.5秒;视频流可同步清晰播放,播放过程中无丢帧现象或丢帧率为0。目前,本系统目前已经顺利完成联合调试,下一步可以升级系统设计以满足市场需求。同时,本课题内容为其他LED光通信设计者提供了参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of wireless communication technology has brought a great impact on people's lives, such as 3G technology, which has been popularized in the field of mobile communication, 4G technology, which is being popularized, and WiFi technology, which is often used in WLAN, and so on. Both greatly facilitate the way of life and work of modern people. With the development of white LED lighting technology, how to transmit wireless communication signal using LED optical has become a research hotspot. Based on the above idea, this paper designs an experimental scheme of LED optical transmission network video stream, and puts the scheme into practice through actual hardware and software circuits. The innovation of this paper lies in combining the advantages of LED lighting and wireless communication, transmitting Ethernet data stream through LED light, which can not only solve the inherent shortcomings in wireless communication, such as limited bandwidth, too much power consumption, etc. It also has the huge advantage of energy saving and environmental protection. The experiment principle of this system is to convert the video stream information of Ethernet format into serial signal to drive the LED lamp, and the high and low level control the light to turn out. Then the serial signal is restored by photoelectric conversion module. Finally, the serial signal is converted into Ethernet data in GMII format for receiving and playing at the receiving end. The experimental scheme is as follows: the video transmission is transmitted by the VLC software of the PC machine to the network line through the network card; Then the sending board is composed of FPGA circuit and Ethernet PHY chip. The PHY chip is responsible for the data conversion from the network interface to the FPGA interface (GMII format), the FPGA completes the data cache, message parsing, channel switching and parallel string conversion. The serial signal with Ethernet data drives the LED circuit to produce the high speed flicker optical circuit, and then completes the conversion from the optical signal to the serial data signal by the photoelectric conversion circuit. The main chip of the receiving board includes FPGA and PHY chips, FPGA completes the data recovery and transmission, PHY completes the conversion of GMII format data to RJ45 interface data to facilitate the data communication between network cable and PC computer. Finally, the receiving PC through the VLC to complete the video reception and play. After the design of the system is finished, it is tested as a whole, and the current test results meet or exceed the requirements of the customers. It includes: the transmission bandwidth of the optical path is 20m; the video stream can be flexibly switched through the UART,UDP port number setting; the video stream delay is less than 0.5 seconds; the video stream can be played clearly and synchronously. At present, the system has successfully completed joint debugging, the next step can upgrade the system design to meet market needs. At the same time, this paper provides reference for other LED optical communication designers.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.1

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