超宽带天线及其阵列的分析与设计
发布时间：2019-02-08 20:43
【摘要】：超宽带信号因其具有良好的隐蔽性、抗干扰性能和高数据传输速率等优点，而被广泛应用于雷达、遥感、精确定位等领域。脉冲超宽带雷达探测系统要求天线具有高时域保真、高增益、小尺寸等特点。本文针对这些需求，对超宽带的时域分析方法进行了研究，并设计了一款低剖面定向超宽带天线。此外，还对超宽带天线组阵方式进行了分析。 本文首先以共面波导馈电的缝隙超宽带天线为研究对象，利用基于时域积分方法的CST仿真和Matlab编译的保真度算法，，分析了该天线的时域指标。为研究超宽带天线的时域性能提供了途径。 本文结合实际工程需要，设计了一款低剖面的背腔式对数周期缝隙天线，该天线在整个工作频带内具有良好的定向辐射特性。通过对矩形谐振腔的结构进行改进，并在谐振腔内部填充吸波材料使得该设计较普通背腔式缝隙天线有更低的谐振频率和更宽的谐振带宽。进一步优化吸波材料尺寸，使天线在相应频段内具有更高的增益。 为了满足超宽带雷达对高增益定向超宽带天线的需求，本文对超宽带天线组阵的方法进行了分析。窄带天线阵列从单元出发，根据预期性能设置阵列参数的方法并不适用于超宽带天线组阵。由于最高频和最低频电尺寸相差数倍，阵因子在整个频段内波动较大。本文结合Vivaldi天线单元的方向图和阵列方向图乘积定理，确定理想情况下阵列间距。基于该间距在耦合条件下设计了阵列单元形式，利用该单元组阵得到了八元Vivaldi阵，增益最高达到19.54dBi。最后对该天线阵的保真度系数进行了计算。
[Abstract]:Ultra-wideband (UWB) signal is widely used in radar, remote sensing, precise positioning and other fields because of its good concealment, anti-jamming performance and high data transmission rate. Pulse UWB radar detection system requires high time domain fidelity, high gain, small size and so on. In this paper, the time domain analysis method of UWB is studied, and a low profile oriented UWB antenna is designed. In addition, the mode of UWB antenna array is analyzed. In this paper, the slot ultra-wideband antenna fed by coplanar waveguide is taken as the research object, and the time-domain index of the antenna is analyzed by using the CST simulation based on time-domain integral method and the fidelity algorithm compiled by Matlab. It provides a way to study the time domain performance of UWB antenna. In this paper, a low profile logarithmic periodic slot antenna with low profile is designed, which has good directional radiation characteristics in the whole working band. By improving the structure of the rectangular cavity and filling the cavity with absorbing materials, the design has lower resonant frequency and wider resonant bandwidth than the common backcavity slot antenna. The size of absorbing material is further optimized so that the antenna has higher gain in the corresponding frequency band. In order to meet the demand of UWB radar for high gain directional UWB antenna, the method of UWB antenna array is analyzed in this paper. The method of setting array parameters according to expected performance is not suitable for UWB antenna array. Because of the difference of the most high frequency and the lowest frequency electric size, the array factor fluctuates greatly in the whole frequency band. In this paper, the array spacing is determined under ideal conditions by combining the product theorem of the pattern and array pattern of Vivaldi antenna elements. Based on the coupling condition, the array element form is designed, and the eight-element Vivaldi matrix is obtained by using the cell array. The maximum gain is 19.54dBi. Finally, the fidelity coefficient of the antenna array is calculated.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN822.8
本文编号：2418777
[Abstract]:Ultra-wideband (UWB) signal is widely used in radar, remote sensing, precise positioning and other fields because of its good concealment, anti-jamming performance and high data transmission rate. Pulse UWB radar detection system requires high time domain fidelity, high gain, small size and so on. In this paper, the time domain analysis method of UWB is studied, and a low profile oriented UWB antenna is designed. In addition, the mode of UWB antenna array is analyzed. In this paper, the slot ultra-wideband antenna fed by coplanar waveguide is taken as the research object, and the time-domain index of the antenna is analyzed by using the CST simulation based on time-domain integral method and the fidelity algorithm compiled by Matlab. It provides a way to study the time domain performance of UWB antenna. In this paper, a low profile logarithmic periodic slot antenna with low profile is designed, which has good directional radiation characteristics in the whole working band. By improving the structure of the rectangular cavity and filling the cavity with absorbing materials, the design has lower resonant frequency and wider resonant bandwidth than the common backcavity slot antenna. The size of absorbing material is further optimized so that the antenna has higher gain in the corresponding frequency band. In order to meet the demand of UWB radar for high gain directional UWB antenna, the method of UWB antenna array is analyzed in this paper. The method of setting array parameters according to expected performance is not suitable for UWB antenna array. Because of the difference of the most high frequency and the lowest frequency electric size, the array factor fluctuates greatly in the whole frequency band. In this paper, the array spacing is determined under ideal conditions by combining the product theorem of the pattern and array pattern of Vivaldi antenna elements. Based on the coupling condition, the array element form is designed, and the eight-element Vivaldi matrix is obtained by using the cell array. The maximum gain is 19.54dBi. Finally, the fidelity coefficient of the antenna array is calculated.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN822.8
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本文编号：2418777
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