开关电源结构及高频变压器优化设计研究

发布时间：2019-03-19 09:40

【摘要】：随着节能减排政策的实施，各行各业对低损耗、小体积、高可靠性的大功率高频开关电源的需求越来越大。大功率高频开关电源作为工业的必备元件，其损耗、体积、温升对开关电源整体性能有着至关重要的影响。研究高频趋势下开关电源的损耗对降低能源消耗具有较大的经济效益和社会意义。 本课题以企业委托合作项目“大功率无极调节高效UV电源的研制”为依托，以生产实际中的高频高效开关电源为研究对象，以降低损耗、减小体积为研究目标，以电路和结构设计以及高频变压器优化设计为重点展开研究。研制出的电源样机实验测得其总体效率为92.2%，高频变压器的效率比优化前提高了0.309%。电源内部温度场测试满足设计要求，验证了结构热设计的合理性。 (1)对高频开关电源的主电路、DC-DC逆变电路、逆变控制电路、驱动电路、保护电路以及电源整体结构进行了设计。 (2)对比分析了几种磁芯材料在不同频率和磁通密度下的损耗特性，优化选择了磁芯材料。分析了高频时环形磁芯几何尺寸与磁芯损耗的关系，并推出了其归一化公式，为后续环形磁芯尺寸优化设计提供依据。从Dowell模型出发对绕组等效因子展开分析，为绕组导线选择和绕组布局提供参考依据。 (3)基于AP法对6kW高频变压器进行设计,在NSGA-Ⅱ算法中改进了排序策略和选择截断策略，，建立高频变压器的损耗和体积优化数学模型，并用改进算法对高频变压器进行优化设计。 (4)运用AsoftMaxwell对绕组等效因子、绕组布局进行二维仿真，对环形磁芯几何尺寸与损耗关系进行三维瞬态仿真，以验证优化设计理论的正确性。对优化后变压器模型进行三维瞬态仿真。 (5)对电源样机进行内部温度场测试和电源整体动态损耗，验证电源结构热设计和高频变压器优化设计的合理性。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of energy saving and emission reduction policy, the demand for high-power and high-frequency switching power supply with low loss, small size and high reliability is increasing in various industries. High-power and high-frequency switching power supply is a necessary component in industry, its loss, volume and temperature rise have a vital impact on the overall performance of switching power supply. It is of great economic benefit and social significance to study the loss of switching power supply under the high frequency trend to reduce the energy consumption. Based on the enterprise-commissioned project "Development of High Power Induction regulator High efficiency UV Power supply", this paper takes the high frequency and high efficiency switching power supply in production as the research object, aiming at reducing loss and volume as the research goal. The research focuses on the circuit and structure design and the optimization design of high-frequency transformer. The overall efficiency of the developed power supply prototype is 92.2%, and the efficiency of the high frequency transformer is 0.309% higher than that before optimization. The internal temperature field of the power supply meets the design requirements, and the rationality of the thermal design of the structure is verified. (1) the main circuit of high frequency switching power supply, DC-DC inverter circuit, inverter control circuit, drive circuit, protection circuit and the whole structure of power supply are designed. (2) the loss characteristics of several magnetic core materials under different frequency and flux density are compared and analyzed, and the magnetic core material is optimized. The relationship between the geometric size of the ring core and the loss of the core at high frequency is analyzed, and its normalization formula is derived, which provides the basis for the optimization design of the core size of the ring magnetic core. Based on the Dowell model, the equivalent factor of windings is analyzed, which provides a reference for the selection of winding wires and the layout of windings. (3) the 6kW high frequency transformer is designed based on AP method. The sorting strategy and selection truncation strategy are improved in the NSGA- 鈪

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