基于WPT技术的井下定位系统关键技术研究

发布时间：2019-03-21 07:58

【摘要】：我国煤矿井下自动化监控系统种类多、数量大，但各个系统自成体系，互不兼容，造成了煤矿井下出现多套监控系统并存的局面，造成了资源的极大浪费。物联网技术的兴起和发展，为这些系统的整合提供了统一的网络平台，同时也为实现全矿井的无线覆盖、人员及设备的定位和感知提供了新的技术手段。作为感知矿山物联网系统的重要组成部分，井下无线定位系统担负着井下人员和设备的实时定位、环境感知、以及指导灾后搜救等重要任务，是保证煤矿安全生产的重要途径和手段。但无线定位节点一般采用电池供电，能量有限，特别是物联网定位系统中的无线节点，有时还要担负音频甚至视频信号的采集和传输，能量开销非常大。因此，能量的消耗是制约无线定位系统井下应用的主要因素。无线电能传输技术的发展，为井下无线设备的供能提供了新的思路。通过无线输能系统，可以保证井下无线节点的电量充足，不仅可以免去为数以千计无线节点更换电池的不变，还可以保证救灾时所有定位节点都具有充足的电量，完成遇险人员搜救的任务。为了实现上述目标，本文提出了能够应用于矿山物联网的基于WPT技术的无线定位系统。本文将从五个方面对相关关键技术进行了阐述。首先，，以感知矿山示范工程为研究背景，以夹河煤矿为例，分析国内现有井下无线定位系统的现状，找出其存在的问题及不足，提出并设计了一种可用于物联网的井下人员定位系统。其次，建立无线电磁波在工作面传输的信道模型，提出了工作面无线电波的传输定律(RTRWP Law)，并仿真分析了无线电磁波在工作面和巷道传播时的差异，进而为无线定位系统设计了两种应用于不同巷道环境的拓扑结构，此外，还给出了无线定位所需要的信号能量计算方法。第四，针对在两种不同应用环境的拓扑结构，提出了两种相应的定位算法，并进行了仿真，结果表明，改进的RSSI算法与经典的RSSI算法相比能够显著地减少误差。最后，也是最重要的部分，是为井下无线定位系统设计了电能的无线传输系统，为了将无线电能传输系统应用于煤矿井下，本文提出了交叠圆式发送结构，实验结果表明，交叠圆式谐振耦合式电能传输系统能
[Abstract]:There are many kinds and quantity of automatic monitoring system in coal mine in our country, but each system is self-contained and incompatible, which results in the co-existence of many monitoring systems in coal mine, and causes a great waste of resources. The rise and development of the Internet of things technology provides a unified network platform for the integration of these systems. At the same time, it also provides a new technical means for realizing the wireless coverage of the whole mine, the location and perception of personnel and equipment. As an important part of the mine and mountain networking system, the underground wireless positioning system is responsible for the real-time positioning of underground personnel and equipment, environmental awareness, as well as the guidance of post-disaster search and rescue and other important tasks. It is an important way and means to ensure safe production of coal mine. However, the wireless positioning node is usually powered by battery and has limited energy, especially the wireless node in the Internet of things (IoT) positioning system, sometimes it is responsible for the acquisition and transmission of audio and video signals, so the energy cost is very large. Therefore, energy consumption is the main factor restricting the downhole application of wireless positioning system. The development of radio energy transmission technology provides a new idea for the power supply of underground wireless equipment. Through the wireless energy transmission system, the underground wireless nodes can be guaranteed sufficient power, not only can the thousands of wireless nodes be replaced with the same battery, but also can ensure that all positioning nodes in disaster relief have sufficient power. Complete the search and rescue mission for distress personnel. In order to achieve the above objectives, this paper proposes a wireless positioning system based on WPT technology, which can be used in mine and mountain Internet of things. In this paper, the key technologies are described from five aspects. First of all, taking the demonstration project of perceptual mine as the research background and taking Jiahe Coal Mine as an example, this paper analyzes the present situation of the existing underground wireless positioning system in China, and finds out its existing problems and shortcomings. This paper presents and designs a downhole personnel positioning system which can be used in the Internet of things. Secondly, the channel model of the radio wave transmission in the working face is established, and the transmission law of the radio wave in the working face, (RTRWP Law), is put forward, and the difference of the radio magnetic wave propagation in the working face and the roadway is simulated and analyzed. Furthermore, two kinds of topology structures applied to different roadway environments are designed for the wireless positioning system. In addition, the calculation method of signal energy required for wireless positioning is also given. Fourthly, according to the topology structure in two different application environments, two corresponding localization algorithms are proposed and simulated. The results show that the improved RSSI algorithm can significantly reduce the error compared with the classical RSSI algorithm. Finally, the most important part is to design the wireless transmission system of electric energy for the underground wireless positioning system. In order to apply the radio energy transmission system to the underground coal mine, the overlapping circular transmission structure is proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that: Energy of overlapping circular resonant coupled power transmission system
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5

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