低频天线的宽带及小型化研究
发布时间：2019-05-20 19:13
【摘要】：在通信领域中,基于宽频带技术存在的扩频技术日益突显出其重要性;而天线作为无线通信系统的重要组成部分,因此需要其具备更宽的频带,同时又具有更小的尺寸。安装天线的工作平台一般比较狭窄,空间十分有限,并且通常会同时放置多个天线,天线之间的电磁干扰将会影响通信质量,利用宽带天线替代多副天线可以解决此问题。此外,随着无线通信技术的日新月异以及大规模集成电路的飞速发展,各种电子设备都日趋小型化。天线作为通信系统前端的关键部件,其小型化问题已经阻碍到无线通信系统的发展。因此,为了不影响现代通信系统的快速发展,性能优良的低频天线的宽带及小型化研究已得到广泛重视,它不仅具有重要的理论意义,更具有工程实现的必要性。本论文在对目前的超短波(VHF:30-300MHz)、分米波(UHF:300-3000MHz)天线的宽带及小型化技术进行了介绍和总结的基础上,研究并设计了具有宽频带的低频天线和小型化的低频天线,所做的主要工作可以概括为:第一章绪论,论证了本文的选题背景及研究意义;简要回顾了近年来国内外关于低频天线的宽带化、小型化研究的发展历程;此外,还介绍了低频电小天线的基本理论。第二章介绍了衡量天线性能的主要技术指标;并对目前常用的宽带技术和小型化技术、分析方法及优化算法进行简单的概括和介绍。第三章基于双锥天线设计了改进的双层地板单锥天线,详尽论述了该天线的设计思想,仿真分析了该天线尺寸参数对其性能的影响。为了实现指标要求,引入了天线外部宽带匹配网络,并采用CST软件自带的遗传算法成功设计了宽带匹配网络。最后,对天线以及宽带匹配网络进行了加工和测试,并与传统单锥天线进行了比较。第四章根据第三章对锥天线的研究,结合电小天线的阻抗特性,对单锥天线进行一系列的结构改进。通过在锥体末端水平展开以及弧形顶部加载的方法实现了低频天线的宽带小型化。第五章总结本文工作,对低频天线的宽带及小型化发展趋势进行了展望,提出后续工作的改进方向。
[Abstract]:In the field of communication, the spread spectrum technology based on broadband technology has increasingly highlighted its importance, and antenna, as an important part of wireless communication system, needs to have a wider frequency band and a smaller size at the same time. The working platform for installing antenna is generally narrow, the space is very limited, and multiple antennas are usually placed at the same time. The electromagnetic interference between antennas will affect the communication quality. This problem can be solved by using broadband antenna instead of multiple antennas. In addition, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology and large-scale integrated circuits, all kinds of electronic equipment are becoming miniaturized day by day. As the key component of the front end of communication system, the miniaturization of antenna has hindered the development of wireless communication system. Therefore, in order not to affect the rapid development of modern communication system, the research on broadband and miniaturization of low frequency antenna with excellent performance has been paid more and more attention. it not only has important theoretical significance, but also has the necessity of engineering realization. In this paper, the broadband and miniaturization technologies of ultra-short wave (VHF:30-300MHz) and decimeter wave (UHF:300-3000MHz) antennas are introduced and summarized. The low frequency antenna with wide band and miniaturized low frequency antenna are studied and designed. The main work can be summarized as follows: the first chapter is the introduction, which demonstrates the background and significance of this paper. In this paper, the development of broadband and miniaturization of low frequency antennas at home and abroad in recent years is briefly reviewed, and the basic theory of low frequency electric small antennas is also introduced. In the second chapter, the main technical indexes to measure the antenna performance are introduced, and the commonly used broadband technology and miniaturization technology, analysis methods and optimization algorithms are briefly summarized and introduced. In the third chapter, an improved double-layer floor single-cone antenna is designed based on the double-cone antenna, the design idea of the antenna is discussed in detail, and the influence of the antenna size parameters on its performance is simulated and analyzed. In order to meet the requirements of the index, the broadband matching network outside the antenna is introduced, and the broadband matching network is successfully designed by using the genetic algorithm with CST software. Finally, the antenna and broadband matching network are machined and tested, and compared with the traditional single cone antenna. In chapter 4, according to the research of conical antenna in chapter 3, a series of structural improvements of single cone antenna are carried out according to the impedance characteristics of electric small antenna. The broadband miniaturization of low frequency antenna is realized by horizontal expansion at the end of cone and loading at the top of arc. In the fifth chapter, the work of this paper is summarized, the development trend of broadband and miniaturization of low frequency antenna is prospected, and the improvement direction of follow-up work is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820
本文编号：2481887
[Abstract]:In the field of communication, the spread spectrum technology based on broadband technology has increasingly highlighted its importance, and antenna, as an important part of wireless communication system, needs to have a wider frequency band and a smaller size at the same time. The working platform for installing antenna is generally narrow, the space is very limited, and multiple antennas are usually placed at the same time. The electromagnetic interference between antennas will affect the communication quality. This problem can be solved by using broadband antenna instead of multiple antennas. In addition, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology and large-scale integrated circuits, all kinds of electronic equipment are becoming miniaturized day by day. As the key component of the front end of communication system, the miniaturization of antenna has hindered the development of wireless communication system. Therefore, in order not to affect the rapid development of modern communication system, the research on broadband and miniaturization of low frequency antenna with excellent performance has been paid more and more attention. it not only has important theoretical significance, but also has the necessity of engineering realization. In this paper, the broadband and miniaturization technologies of ultra-short wave (VHF:30-300MHz) and decimeter wave (UHF:300-3000MHz) antennas are introduced and summarized. The low frequency antenna with wide band and miniaturized low frequency antenna are studied and designed. The main work can be summarized as follows: the first chapter is the introduction, which demonstrates the background and significance of this paper. In this paper, the development of broadband and miniaturization of low frequency antennas at home and abroad in recent years is briefly reviewed, and the basic theory of low frequency electric small antennas is also introduced. In the second chapter, the main technical indexes to measure the antenna performance are introduced, and the commonly used broadband technology and miniaturization technology, analysis methods and optimization algorithms are briefly summarized and introduced. In the third chapter, an improved double-layer floor single-cone antenna is designed based on the double-cone antenna, the design idea of the antenna is discussed in detail, and the influence of the antenna size parameters on its performance is simulated and analyzed. In order to meet the requirements of the index, the broadband matching network outside the antenna is introduced, and the broadband matching network is successfully designed by using the genetic algorithm with CST software. Finally, the antenna and broadband matching network are machined and tested, and compared with the traditional single cone antenna. In chapter 4, according to the research of conical antenna in chapter 3, a series of structural improvements of single cone antenna are carried out according to the impedance characteristics of electric small antenna. The broadband miniaturization of low frequency antenna is realized by horizontal expansion at the end of cone and loading at the top of arc. In the fifth chapter, the work of this paper is summarized, the development trend of broadband and miniaturization of low frequency antenna is prospected, and the improvement direction of follow-up work is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820
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