新型多频段精准可调谐天线研究

发布时间：2019-05-24 08:09

【摘要】：随着现代通信技术的飞速发展和无线通信信息系统多功能化、超带宽以及大容量的不断需求,同一通信设备需要的天线数量将不断增加,这样将导致系统模块体积增加、负重增加、电磁不兼容、噪声干扰等问题。因此,为了在扩展系统功能的同时,满足减小系统体积、简化硬件模块、灵活调节频率等要求,采用具有频率调谐作用的单一天线为以上问题提供了一个很好的解决方案,可以极大地改善设备整个系统的性能,解决传统设计对无线通信系统发展的制约,使系统具有灵活多变的频率和辐射性能。本文的研究围绕可调谐天线展开,以微带天线为基础进行设计,提出了两种实现可调谐天线的设计方案并比较了其优劣性。论文主要内容分为以下几部分:1.本文简要介绍了可调谐天线的基本概念和研究背景,针对频率可调谐天线的国内外现状进行了分析和总结,介绍了天线的基本参数并进行了解决方案的比较和选择。2.本文从传统的设计方法出发设计了一款同轴馈电矩形开缝的微带天线,通过在地面以及辐射贴片两侧加载可变电容实现天线的连续频率的调谐以及阻抗调配,同时在矩形辐射贴片缝隙中加载RF MEMS开关实现天线离散频率的变化,这样可以实现天线调谐频率范围的拓宽。仿真结果证明所设计的天线实现了1.8GHz~2.5GHz的频率范围,在整个频率范围内回波损耗都能够小于-10dB。3.本文提出了一种基于带通滤波器和UWB天线新颖可调谐天线的设计方法。该方法使用带通滤波器作为UWB天线馈线,天线谐振频率将由带通滤波器所决定。因此,可以通过在带通滤波器上加载RF MEMS开关以及变容二极管改变滤波器的谐振电长度来改变天线的谐振频率。这一设计思想颠覆了传统的设计思路,可以在不改变天线输入阻抗、不改变馈线阻抗的前提下实现可调谐天线。仿真和实测结果均证明了该设计的有效性,在1.7GHz~2.15GHz、2.27GHz~2.7GHz、2.76GHz~3.15GHz范围内都能达到-15dB以下的回波损耗,阻抗匹配良好。理论上该天线的频率调谐范围可以达到与超带宽天线带宽一样。4.本文将两种设计思想进行了比较,分析了各自的优点和缺点。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern communication technology and the multi-function of wireless communication information system, the number of antennas needed by the same communication equipment will continue to increase, which will lead to the increase of the volume of system modules. Load increase, electromagnetic incompatibility, noise interference and so on. Therefore, in order to expand the function of the system, reduce the volume of the system, simplify the hardware module, flexibly adjust the frequency and so on, the single antenna with frequency tuning provides a good solution to the above problems. It can greatly improve the performance of the whole system of the equipment, solve the restriction of the traditional design on the development of the wireless communication system, and make the system have flexible frequency and radiation performance. In this paper, the research revolves around the tunable antenna and is designed on the basis of the microstrip antenna. Two design schemes to realize the tunable antenna are proposed and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. The main contents of the paper are divided into the following parts: 1. In this paper, the basic concept and research background of tunable antenna are briefly introduced, the present situation of frequency tunable antenna at home and abroad is analyzed and summarized, the basic parameters of antenna are introduced, and the solutions are compared and selected. 2. In this paper, a coaxial fed rectangular slit microstrip antenna is designed based on the traditional design method. The continuous frequency tuning and impedance allocation of the antenna are realized by loading variable capacitors on the ground and on both sides of the radiation patch. At the same time, the discrete frequency of the antenna can be changed by loading the RF MEMS switch in the slot of the rectangular radiation patch, so that the tuning frequency range of the antenna can be broadened. The simulation results show that the designed antenna realizes the frequency range of 1.8GHz~2.5GHz, and the echo loss is less than-10dB.3 in the whole frequency range. In this paper, a novel tunable antenna design method based on band-pass filter and UWB antenna is proposed. In this method, the bandpass filter is used as the feeder of UWB antenna, and the resonant frequency of the antenna will be determined by the bandpass filter. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be changed by loading the RF MEMS switch on the band-pass filter and changing the resonant electric length of the filter. This design idea subverts the traditional design idea and can realize tunable antenna without changing the input impedance of antenna and feeder impedance. The simulation and measured results show that the design is effective, and the echo loss below-15dB can be achieved in the range of 1.7 GHz 鈮，

本文编号：2484704