X和Ka波段机载天线罩的分析与设计

发布时间：2019-06-20 08:22

【摘要】：天线罩广泛应用于无线电各个领域,经过几十年的发展,天线罩从结构材料,形状等方面得到不断发展。分析天线罩的方法主要有:高频算法、低频算法,以及高低频结合算法。本课题的主要研究目标:电大尺寸(1568mm×935mm×557mm)、双频段天线罩,对其电性能的设计分析提供准确的仿真工具。经研究分析,本文采用两种高频分析方法:射线追踪法(RT)和口径积分-表面积分法(AISI),并完成了相关计算程序的编写。首先,采用等效电路法分析多层介质平板的透射、反射系数,并结合CST软件仿真,验证了分析方法的正确性。对于外形结构复杂的天线罩,通常难以用解析函数拟合,采用ANSYS软件对天线罩模型剖分成诸多三角形小面元。近似每一个三角形面元为平板,采用等效平板理论分析其电性能。针对采用俯仰、方位双轴扫描的天线,本文详细分析了其与罩的相对位置关系。其次,本文通过对比分析RT和AISI两种方法的计算结果与CST仿真结果,验证所编程序的正确性。对比算例包括:在单频段X波段,理想源天线和平板缝隙天线在带有A夹层天线罩情况下,对比分析了程序计算结果和仿真结果在不同扫描状态下的远区方向图;在双频段X和Ka波段,对理想源阵列在A夹层天线罩情况下,算法和仿真结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:RT算法、AISI算法结果都和CST仿真结果吻合较好;带罩阵列天线金属面的反射对远场方向图的透波率,和副瓣电平都有一定影响;对RT算法与AISI算法比较,RT算法的速度快于AISI算法,但精度低于AISI算法。与CST仿真软件相比,RT算法和AISI算法可以分析和设计大尺寸、结构复杂的天线罩。最后,对天线罩模型进行了加工,并对其进行测试,并且对平板缝隙阵列天线有无天线罩的远场方向图进行了对比分析。其中,透波率,副瓣电平抬高等指标基本满足合作单位的要求。同时,根据实际测量的近场数据代入AISI算法计算的远场方向图与实测远场方向图进行了对比,两者吻合较好,充分验证的算法的正确性。
[Abstract]:Radome is widely used in various fields of radio. After decades of development, radome has been continuously developed from structural materials, shapes and so on. The main methods of analyzing radome are: high frequency algorithm, low frequency algorithm, and high and low frequency combination algorithm. The main research objectives of this paper are 1568mm 脳 935mm 脳 557mm, dual-band radome, which provides an accurate simulation tool for the design and analysis of its electrical performance. Through research and analysis, two high frequency analysis methods, ray tracing method (RT) and aperture integral-surface integration method (AISI), are used in this paper, and the related calculation programs are completed. Firstly, the equivalent circuit method is used to analyze the transmission and reflection coefficients of the multi-layer dielectric plate, and the correctness of the analysis method is verified by CST software simulation. For radome with complex shape and structure, it is usually difficult to fit by analytical function. ANSYS software is used to divide the radome model into many triangular small surface elements. Approximately each triangular element is a flat plate, and its electrical performance is analyzed by using the equivalent plate theory. For the antenna with pitching and azimuth biaxial scanning, the relative position relationship between the antenna and the cover is analyzed in detail in this paper. Secondly, the correctness of the program is verified by comparing the calculation results of RT and AISI with CST simulation results. The comparison examples include: in single band X band, ideal source antenna and flat slot antenna with A sandwich radome, the far area pattern of program calculation and simulation results in different scanning states is compared and analyzed, and in dual band X and Ka bands, the algorithm and simulation results of ideal source array in the case of A sandwich radome are compared and analyzed. The results show that the results of RT algorithm and AISI algorithm are in good agreement with the simulation results of CST. The reflection of metal surface of array antenna with mask has some influence on the transmission rate of far-field pattern and sidelobe level. Compared with AISI algorithm, the speed of RT algorithm is faster than that of AISI algorithm, but the accuracy of RT algorithm is lower than that of AISI algorithm. Compared with CST simulation software, RT algorithm and AISI algorithm can analyze and design large size and complex radome. Finally, the radome model is machined and tested, and the far-field pattern of flat slot array antenna with or without radome is compared and analyzed. Among them, the transmittance, sidelobe level elevation and other indicators basically meet the requirements of the cooperative unit. At the same time, according to the measured near-field data, the far-field pattern calculated by AISI algorithm is compared with the measured far-field pattern, which is in good agreement with each other, and the correctness of the algorithm is fully verified.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN820.81
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本文编号：2503070