可重构天线设计与直接调制天线技术研究

发布时间：2019-07-01 13:13

【摘要】：可重构天线在多功能、多频段通信中具有很大的优势和广泛的应用背景。高保密通信技术也在通信中具有重要的意义。论文对可重构天线以及基于“直接调制天线”的高保密通信技术开展研究。研究内容在多功能、多频段、高保密无线通信领域具有较好的应用前景。本文的工作主要体现以下几个方面:论文首先设计了一种新的频率与圆极化可重构天线,天线由上层介质板上开有两个正交缝的辐射贴片和下层介质板上3dB定向耦合器的馈电结构构成。通过放置在上层的两个正交缝隙上的两组二极管,实现天线的频率重构;通过放置在天线的输入端和3dB定向耦合器之间的另外两个二极管,实现天线在左旋圆极化与右旋圆极化之间切换。仿真和测试结果验证了天线的可重构特性。然后设计了一种多频与多极化可重构天线,天线由一对角线馈电的辐射贴片和加载在其四周的寄生枝节组成,贴片与寄生枝节之间通过二极管连接。离馈电点较远的两个寄生枝节通过另外两个二极管与地相连接,而较近的两个寄生枝节通过两个电容与地相连接。通过改变二极管的通断,天线具有5种工作状态:在一个频段实现左右旋圆极化之间的切换,或工作在两个频段具有相反的线极化状态,以及作为一个对角线馈电的传统贴片天线能够辐射45o的线极化,测试结果验证了天线的可重构特性。最后研究了基于相位直接调制阵列的多方向保密性通信:介绍了相位直接调制通信的机理并分析了其在通信上的优势;以一维阵列为例,讨论了其多方向通信和保密特性;分析了传统通信和直接调制天线的误码率计算公式;利用差分进化(DE)算法优化每个单元的相位偏移量,比较了传统相控阵和相位直接调制相控阵在各个方向上的误码率。误码率的仿真结果验证了基于相位直接调制相控阵的多方向传输的高保密特性。
[Abstract]:Reconfigurable antenna has great advantages and wide application background in multifunctional and multi-band communication. High security communication technology is also of great significance in communication. In this paper, the reconfigurable antenna and the high security communication technology based on "direct modulation antenna" are studied. The research content has a good application prospect in the field of multifunctional, multi-band and high security wireless communication. The work of this paper mainly reflects the following aspects: firstly, a new frequency and circular polarization reconfigurable antenna is designed, which is composed of two orthogonal slit radiation patches on the upper dielectric plate and the feed structure of 3dB directional couplers on the lower dielectric plate. The frequency reconstruction of the antenna is realized by two sets of diode placed on the two orthogonal gaps in the upper layer, and the switching between the left-handed circular polarization and the right-handed circular polarization is realized by placing the other two diode between the input of the antenna and the 3dB directional coupler. The reconfigurable characteristics of the antenna are verified by simulation and test results. Then a multifrequency and multipolarization reconfigurable antenna is designed. The antenna is composed of a diagonal fed radiation patch and a parasitic branch loaded around it. The patch and the parasitic branch are connected by a diode. The two parasitic branches far from the feed point are connected to the ground through the other two diode, while the closer two parasitic branches are connected to the ground by two capacitors. By changing the on-off of the diode, the antenna has five working states: switching between left and right circular polarization in one frequency band, or opposite linear polarization in two frequency bands, and the traditional patch antenna, as a diagonal feed, can radiate 45o linear polarization. The test results verify the reconfigurable characteristics of the antenna. Finally, the multidirectional confidentiality communication based on phase direct modulation array is studied: the mechanism of phase direct modulation communication is introduced and its advantages in communication are analyzed; taking the one-dimensional array as an example, the multidirectional communication and security characteristics are discussed, and the BER calculation formulas of traditional communication and direct modulation antenna are analyzed. The differential evolution (DE) algorithm is used to optimize the phase offset of each unit, and the bit error rate (BER) of the traditional phased array and the phase direct modulation phased array in each direction is compared. The simulation results of bit error rate (BER) verify the high confidentiality of multidirectional transmission based on phase direct modulation phased array.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN822

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