RHIC-STAR 200GeV质子-质子和金核-金核对撞中重味强子衰变电子的测量
发布时间：2023-04-08 23:33
量子色动力学(QCD)是用来描述自然界四大基本作用力之一的强相互作用的基本规范场理论。众所周知,强相互作用的基本粒子是夸克和胶子,并且具有两个显著特征:渐近自由和色禁闭。由于色禁闭,在正常条件下,实验上尚未观测到自由夸克,这意味着夸克总是被束缚在色单态的强子内。格点QCD计算预言在高温高能量密度的极端条件下会发生从强子气到夸克解禁闭的新物质形态夸克胶子等离子体(QGP)的相变。在实验上通过高能重离子碰撞形成高温高密的极端条件来寻找QGP并研究它的性质。位于美国布鲁克海文国家实验室(BNL)的相对论重离子对撞机(RHIC)通过核核碰撞来研究QGP的性质以及QCD相图。RHIC自2000年运行以来,在重离子碰撞中发现了大量QGP存在的实验证据,例如“喷注淬火”现象、椭圆流的组分夸克标度性等等。这些实验结果表明在RHIC已经形成了强耦合的夸克胶子等离子体(sQGP),下一步的核心问题是研究QGP的特性以及QCD物质的相结构。由于重味夸克(粲夸克和底夸克)的质量比较大,粲夸克约为1.3 GeV/c2和底夸克约为4.2 GeV/c2,远远大于∧QCD(QCD标度参数)和TQGP,所以它们被认为主...
【文章页数】：128 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
Chapter 1 Introductions
1.1 Standard Model and Quantum Chromodynamics
1.1.1 Standard Model
1.1.2 Quantum Chromodynamics
1.2 Relativistic Heavy Ion collisions
1.2.1 Transverse momentum spectrum, Energy loss and Jet quenching
1.2.2 Anisotropic flow
1.3 Open heavy flavor production in HIC
1.3.1 Heavy quarks as probes of sQGP
1.3.2 Experimental results
Chapter 2 Experimental Setup
2.1 The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
2.2 The Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC
2.2.1 The Time Projection Chamber
2.2.2 The Time Of Flight detector
2.2.3 The Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter
Chapter 3 Non-photonic Electron Analysis
3.1 Run 2012 200 GeV p+p Collision Analysis
3.1.1 Analysis principle
3.1.2 Dataset and Event selection
3.1.3 Track selection and Electron identification
3.1.4 NPE raw yield extraction
3.1.5 Efficiency and Acceptance
3.1.6 Background subtraction
3.1.7 Trigger/Vertex bias correction
3.1.8 Bin shift correction
3.1.9 Systematic uncertainties
3.2 Run 2014 200 GeV Au+Au Collision Analysis
3.2.1 Dataset and Event selection
3.2.2 Centrality definition
3.2.3 Track selection and Electron identification
3.2.4 NPE raw yield extraction
3.2.5 Efficiency and Acceptance
3.2.6 Equivalent number of MB events
3.2.7 Combine NPE results
3.2.8 Background from J/Ψ decay
3.2.9 Systematic uncertainties
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Cross-section of NPE at low pT in 200 GeV p+p collisions
4.2 Invariant yields and RAA of NPE at high pT, in 200 GeV Au+Au colli-sions
4.3 RAA at intermediate pT in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Outlook
5.1 The Heavy Flavor Tracker
5.2 Invariant yields and RAA of NPE in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions
5.3 Bottom decayed electrons in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
Publications
本文编号：3786674
【文章页数】：128 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
Chapter 1 Introductions
1.1 Standard Model and Quantum Chromodynamics
1.1.1 Standard Model
1.1.2 Quantum Chromodynamics
1.2 Relativistic Heavy Ion collisions
1.2.1 Transverse momentum spectrum, Energy loss and Jet quenching
1.2.2 Anisotropic flow
1.3 Open heavy flavor production in HIC
1.3.1 Heavy quarks as probes of sQGP
1.3.2 Experimental results
Chapter 2 Experimental Setup
2.1 The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
2.2 The Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC
2.2.1 The Time Projection Chamber
2.2.2 The Time Of Flight detector
2.2.3 The Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter
Chapter 3 Non-photonic Electron Analysis
3.1 Run 2012 200 GeV p+p Collision Analysis
3.1.1 Analysis principle
3.1.2 Dataset and Event selection
3.1.3 Track selection and Electron identification
3.1.4 NPE raw yield extraction
3.1.5 Efficiency and Acceptance
3.1.6 Background subtraction
3.1.7 Trigger/Vertex bias correction
3.1.8 Bin shift correction
3.1.9 Systematic uncertainties
3.2 Run 2014 200 GeV Au+Au Collision Analysis
3.2.1 Dataset and Event selection
3.2.2 Centrality definition
3.2.3 Track selection and Electron identification
3.2.4 NPE raw yield extraction
3.2.5 Efficiency and Acceptance
3.2.6 Equivalent number of MB events
3.2.7 Combine NPE results
3.2.8 Background from J/Ψ decay
3.2.9 Systematic uncertainties
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Cross-section of NPE at low pT in 200 GeV p+p collisions
4.2 Invariant yields and RAA of NPE at high pT, in 200 GeV Au+Au colli-sions
4.3 RAA at intermediate pT in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Outlook
5.1 The Heavy Flavor Tracker
5.2 Invariant yields and RAA of NPE in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions
5.3 Bottom decayed electrons in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
Publications
本文编号：3786674
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