联合收获机作业现场视频监视系统及物联网应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 10:31

本文关键词：联合收获机作业现场视频监视系统及物联网应用研究　出处：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为现代农业的重要工具和农业机械化的重要物质基础,联合收获机在近年来得到了快速发展和广泛推广应用,其发展程度关系到我国农业生产力的增强和农业现代化进程的推进。当前,我国联合收获机信息化水平还普遍较低,对收获机的状态监测和故障预警也往往依赖于驾驶员的经验,农机厂商或机收组织者要想了解机器状况,往往只能到现场勘查,其对收获机作业现场信息实时、准确快捷的要求难以满足,存在着作业信息滞后、时效性不足、监控管理难度大等问题。视频图像信息直观丰富,结合定位信息,能将收获机作业现场状况及时直观地传递给农机作业过程相关人员,将视频监视技术用于联合收获机作业现场信息获取,利用无线网络将视频信息传输至远程监控中心,通过物联网平台进行设备和信息管理,可为联合收获机驾驶员、农机厂商、机收组织者等及时提供现场信息,对农机作业过程评估、故障分析及事故应急处置乃至农业信息化的发展都有着重要意义。本文通过分析联合收获机作业过程,选取驾驶室、粮仓、割台、脱粒滚筒作为视频监视对象,结合传感器技术、嵌入式技术、定位技术与物联网技术,设计了联合收获机作业现场视频监视及物联网应用系统。系统分为嵌入式机载监视前端、远程室内大屏监控中心、物联网平台三部分。以Jetson TK1开发板作为机载前端硬件平台,构建了嵌入式Linux系统,包括U-boot移植、Linux内核裁剪和驱动移植、根文件系统的制作与烧写,分模块实现了作业现场视频采集与显示、视频图像编码压缩与远程传输、图像数据与定位信息接入物联网平台等功能。系统分为机载监视模式和远程监视模式,机载模式下利用安装在机器多个部位的USB摄像头,采集收获机作业现场视频图像,显示到驾驶室LCD监视屏上,通过GPS模块,实时确定收获机地理位置。远程监视模式下,利用4G无线网络将现场视频图像传输至远程大屏监控中心,并将数据图像和定位信息接入物联网平台。完成系统软硬件平台设计和应用程序开发后,对系统进行室内调试和田间试验,验证系统各程序模块的功能和整个系统的运行效果。试验结果表明,机载视频监视终端能正常采集并显示多路视频图像,在分辨率为640×480、帧率为25fps时,能支持4路同时监视,CPU与内存占用率分别为69.66%、1.2%。嵌入式视频服务器能将作业现场视频图像传输至远程大屏监控中心,可实现25帧/秒、640×480分辨率视频的传输,丢帧率为2.11%,并支持通道间切换或多路同时监视。图像数据和定位信息能成功接入物联网平台,用户可登录物联网平台进行数据查看和设备管理,验证了联合收获机作业现场视频监视及物联网应用系统的可行性。
[Abstract]:As an important tool of modern agriculture and an important material basis of agricultural mechanization, combine harvester has been developed rapidly and widely applied in recent years. The degree of development is related to the enhancement of agricultural productivity and the advancement of agricultural modernization. At present, the information level of combine harvester in China is generally low. The condition monitoring and fault warning of the harvester often depend on the driver's experience. To know the condition of the machine, the agricultural machinery manufacturer or the organizer of the machine often have to go to the scene survey, and the information of the harvester is real time. Accurate and fast requirements are difficult to meet, there are job information lag, insufficient timeliness, difficult to monitor and management problems. Video image information visual rich, combined with location information. It can transfer the situation of the harvester operation field to the relevant personnel of agricultural machinery operation process in time and intuitively, and use the video surveillance technology to obtain the field information of the combine harvester operation. Wireless network will be used to transmit video information to the remote monitoring center, through the Internet of things platform for equipment and information management, for combine harvester drivers, agricultural machinery manufacturers, machine organizers and other timely provision of on-site information. It is of great significance to the evaluation of agricultural machinery operation process, fault analysis, accident emergency treatment and even the development of agricultural informatization. Through analyzing the operation process of combine harvester, this paper selects the cab, granary and cutting table. Threshing drum as a video surveillance object, combined with sensor technology, embedded technology, positioning technology and Internet of things technology. The video surveillance and Internet of things application system of combine harvester is designed. The system is divided into embedded airborne surveillance front end and remote indoor large screen monitoring center. Three parts of Internet of things platform. Using Jetson TK1 development board as airborne front-end hardware platform, the embedded Linux system is constructed, including U-boot transplantation. The Linux kernel is cut and driven, the root file system is made and burned, and the video collection and display, video coding and remote transmission are realized in sub-modules. Image data and location information access to the Internet of things platform and other functions. The system is divided into airborne monitoring mode and remote monitoring mode. In airborne mode, the USB camera installed in multiple parts of the machine is used. Collect the scene video image of the harvester, display to the cab LCD monitor screen, through the GPS module, real-time determine the location of the harvester in remote monitoring mode. The local video image is transmitted to the remote large screen monitoring center by 4G wireless network, and the data image and location information are connected to the Internet of things platform. After the system hardware and software platform is designed and the application program is developed. The system is debugged in room and tested in the field to verify the function of each program module and the operation effect of the whole system. The test results show that the airborne video surveillance terminal can collect and display multi-channel video images normally. With a resolution of 640 脳 480 and a frame rate of 25 fps, it can support four channels of monitoring CPU and memory occupancy of 69.66%, respectively. The embedded video server can transmit the scene video image to the remote large screen monitoring center. It can transmit the video with 25 frames / second and 640 脳 480 resolution, and the frame loss rate is 2.11%. Image data and location information can be connected to the Internet of things platform successfully. Users can log on to the Internet of things platform for data viewing and equipment management. The feasibility of the video surveillance and Internet of things application system is verified.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S225;TP391.44;TN929.5

【相似文献】