非规则高频阵列综合及DOA算法研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 21:22

本文关键词：非规则高频阵列综合及DOA算法研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高频地波雷达因其超视距探测、全天候工作、抗干扰能力强等特点而受到越来越多的关注,被广泛应用于军事和经济领域,例如远距离预警,对海洋经济专属区(EEZ)的监测等。但是由于高频雷达本身工作频率(3~30MHz)的限制,其接收阵列天线尺寸庞大,在岛屿、舰船上布阵时,无法获得足够的布阵空间将高频雷达布置成规则直线阵或平面阵。针对这一问题,本文对非规则高频阵列的阵列综合及DOA估计问题展开研究。首先研究非规则高频阵列的数学模型,所谓非规则阵列是相对于均匀直线阵而言的。本文以圆弧阵和非规则直线阵为主要研究对象,给出两种阵列的方向图表达式,并对圆弧阵和非规则直线阵的方向图性能进行仿真分析。在此基础上,将两种基本DOA估计算法(Capon算法和MUSIC算法)应用于两种阵列上,并与算法应用于相同孔径的均匀直线阵时进行对比,分析基本DOA估计算法的性能。然后针对圆弧阵和非规则直线阵的方向图与相同孔径的均匀线阵方向图作对比时,得到两种阵列的旁瓣电平高于均匀直线阵,且非规则直线阵的波束指向发生偏移,产生方向图畸变的问题,进行阵列方向图综合研究。由于阵列结构不再是均匀线阵,传统的解析法已不再适用,考虑将优化算法应用于非规则高频阵列方向图综合问题上,主要研究遗传(GA)算法和粒子群(PSO)算法。分别分析两种优化算法只进行阵元幅度优化、只进行阵元相位优化和幅相同时优化的性能,选取只进行阵元幅度优化的方法进行圆弧阵和非规则直线阵方向图综合。并结合遗传算法和粒子群算法各自的优点,提出基于混合遗传粒子群算法的阵列方向图优化方法,并将其应用于圆弧阵列和非规则直线阵,验证算法的有效性。接下来研究适用于两种阵列的相干和非相干信号源DOA估计算法,对于非相干信号源,研究基于二阶导数的MUSIC算法、改进的MUSIC(MMUSIC)算法和改进的共轭MUSIC(MCMUSIC)算法,仿真分析算法的性能。对于相干信号源,研究利用虚拟内插技术实现非规则高频阵列的DOA估计,仿真验证算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Because of the high frequency ground wave radar over the horizon detection, all-weather work, strong anti-jamming and attracted more and more attention, and has been widely used in military and economic fields, such as remote warning, the maritime exclusive economic zone (EEZ) monitoring. But because of the high frequency radar itself (3~30MHz) limited the receiving antenna array, large size, on the island, the ship lineup, could not get enough space to high frequency radar array arranged in a regular linear array or planar array. To solve this problem, this paper on the irregular high frequency array synthesis and DOA estimation research. Firstly the mathematical model of high frequency irregular array the so-called, irregular array is compared with the uniform linear array. In this paper, in terms of circular array and irregular linear array as the main research object, direction graph expression is given two array and the circular array, and Simulation analysis of irregular linear array pattern performance. On this basis, the two basic DOA estimation algorithm (Capon algorithm and MUSIC algorithm) is applied to two kinds of array, and compared with the algorithm applied to the same aperture uniform linear array, analysis of the basic DOA estimation performance. Then according to the uniform line arc array and irregular linear array pattern with the same aperture arrays are compared, obtained two kinds of array sidelobe level is higher than that of uniform linear array, to offset beam and irregular linear array, directional pattern distortion problem of array pattern synthesis of array structure is no longer due. The uniform linear array, the traditional analytical method is no longer applicable, consider the optimization algorithm for irregular frequency array synthesis problems, the main research (GA) genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Analysis of two respectively. An optimization algorithm only element amplitude optimization, performance optimization and only element phase amplitude and phase simultaneous optimization, select only method to optimize the amplitude of array element arc array and irregular linear array pattern synthesis. Combining the advantages of genetic algorithm and particle swarm algorithm is proposed based on the optimization of the array pattern the method of hybrid genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm, and its application in circular array and irregular linear array, verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. And non coherent signal DOA estimation algorithm of coherent next research applies to the two array, for non coherent signal source, MUSIC algorithm for two order derivatives based on improved MUSIC (MMUSIC conjugate) algorithm and improved MUSIC algorithm (MCMUSIC), the simulation analysis of the performance of the algorithm for coherent signal based on the virtual interpolation of irregular high-frequency array DOA estimation, simulation algorithm Effectiveness.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN957.51

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